Saylor Academy Psych101 | STUDY GUIDE & QUIZES
The science of improving a human population by controlled
breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable
Eugenics characteristics. Developed largely by Francis Galton as a
method of improving the human race, it fell into disfavor only
after the perversion of its doctrines by the Nazis.
Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a
parent-of-origin-specific manner. If the allele inherited from
Genomic imprinting the father is imprinted, it is thereby silenced, and only the
allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the
mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is
expressed.
Suggests that cognitive processes were governed by the
Functionalism function of the mind; focused on the utility of consciousness
and considers mental life and behaviour in terms of active
adaptation to the person's environment.
Theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt
and his mentee Edward Bradford Titchener which
Structuralism attempted to understand the mind as the sum of varying
underlying parts. Proposes that consciousness is best
understood through the systematic study of the
, anatomy of the brain
A concept within developmental biology in which
phenotype varies between individuals even though both
Developmental noise the genotypes and the environmental factors are the same
for all of them; human fingerprints provide a well-known
example; the fingerprints differ even between genetically
identical human twins.
Genes are not "set in stone; the expression of genes in an
organism can be influenced by the environment, including
Gene-environment interaction the external world in which the organism is located or
develops, as well as the organism's internal world, which
includes such factors as its hormones and metabolism.
Traits that are controlled by multiple genes and/or influenced
Polygenic
by the environment, such as height, skin color, eye color,
weight
, Type of experimental design thought to be the most accurate
type of experimental research. Also thought to be the only
experimental design that can establish cause and effect
Pure experiment
relationship. Three criteria must be met in a true experiment:
1) Control group and experimental group, 2) Researcher-
manipulated variable, 3) Random assignment
The nature vs. nurture debate is an ongoing one. The
Nature vs. Nurture Debate modern debate often centers around the effect genes have
on human personalities as opposed to the influences that
early environment and development might have.
When two variables have an inverse relationship; as one
Negative correlation
variable increases, the other decreases.
Aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the
Psychoanalysis interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the
mind and bringing repressed fears and conflicts into the
conscious mind by techniques such as dream interpretation
and free association.
Study focusing on mental processes, including how
people perceive, think, remember, learn, solve problems,
Cognitivism and direct their attention to one stimulus rather than
another. Psychologists working from a cognitivist
perspective, then, seek to understand cognition.
Q: What famous psychologist Watson
decided nearly 100 years ago
that psychology should be
defined as the scientific study of
behavior?
Q: Schizophrenia is a mental Affects about 1% of the population
The science of improving a human population by controlled
breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable
Eugenics characteristics. Developed largely by Francis Galton as a
method of improving the human race, it fell into disfavor only
after the perversion of its doctrines by the Nazis.
Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a
parent-of-origin-specific manner. If the allele inherited from
Genomic imprinting the father is imprinted, it is thereby silenced, and only the
allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the
mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is
expressed.
Suggests that cognitive processes were governed by the
Functionalism function of the mind; focused on the utility of consciousness
and considers mental life and behaviour in terms of active
adaptation to the person's environment.
Theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt
and his mentee Edward Bradford Titchener which
Structuralism attempted to understand the mind as the sum of varying
underlying parts. Proposes that consciousness is best
understood through the systematic study of the
, anatomy of the brain
A concept within developmental biology in which
phenotype varies between individuals even though both
Developmental noise the genotypes and the environmental factors are the same
for all of them; human fingerprints provide a well-known
example; the fingerprints differ even between genetically
identical human twins.
Genes are not "set in stone; the expression of genes in an
organism can be influenced by the environment, including
Gene-environment interaction the external world in which the organism is located or
develops, as well as the organism's internal world, which
includes such factors as its hormones and metabolism.
Traits that are controlled by multiple genes and/or influenced
Polygenic
by the environment, such as height, skin color, eye color,
weight
, Type of experimental design thought to be the most accurate
type of experimental research. Also thought to be the only
experimental design that can establish cause and effect
Pure experiment
relationship. Three criteria must be met in a true experiment:
1) Control group and experimental group, 2) Researcher-
manipulated variable, 3) Random assignment
The nature vs. nurture debate is an ongoing one. The
Nature vs. Nurture Debate modern debate often centers around the effect genes have
on human personalities as opposed to the influences that
early environment and development might have.
When two variables have an inverse relationship; as one
Negative correlation
variable increases, the other decreases.
Aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the
Psychoanalysis interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the
mind and bringing repressed fears and conflicts into the
conscious mind by techniques such as dream interpretation
and free association.
Study focusing on mental processes, including how
people perceive, think, remember, learn, solve problems,
Cognitivism and direct their attention to one stimulus rather than
another. Psychologists working from a cognitivist
perspective, then, seek to understand cognition.
Q: What famous psychologist Watson
decided nearly 100 years ago
that psychology should be
defined as the scientific study of
behavior?
Q: Schizophrenia is a mental Affects about 1% of the population
