1|Page
FRESENIUS PCT NEW HIRE EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+|
||PROFESSOR VERIFIED||
What electrolytes are found in the dialysate? - ANSWER-sodium
(Na+) potassium (K+) calcium (Ca++) magnesium (Mg++)
chloride (Cl-)
What is conductivity? - ANSWER-Conductivity is the ability of a
solution to transmit or "conduct" an electrical current
Name four ways dialysate is checked to ensure that it is safe? -
ANSWER-pH, conductivity, monitoring the machine temperature,
and a negative residual chlorine (bleach) after routine (weekly)
machine disinfection and before the first treatment after the
disinfection
What is Sodium Variation? - ANSWER-also called sodium
modeling is a physician-ordered intervention to help prevent
hypotension during dialysis treatment. There are three
preprogrammed "profiles" that can be ordered by the physician
based on several different comorbidities
,2|Page
Why is dextrose added to the dialysate? - ANSWER-Dextrose, a
form of glucose, is added to prevent hypoglycemia.
What is TMP? - ANSWER-Transmembrane pressure is the
pressure difference across the dialyzer membrane. It reflects the
total pressure across the membrane used to achieve the desired
fluid loss
How can you tell if a dialyzer is clotting? - ANSWER-Indications of
a clotting dialyzer are a rising TMP, rising venous pressure, dark
blood in the dialyzer, and air detector alarms. A venous line that is
clotting will show an increase in venous pressure.
How is dialysis delivered? - ANSWER-The Hemodialysis Machine
is the Delivery System. The machine has two sub-systems.
• Blood delivery system circulates the patient's blood
• Dialysate delivery Mixes & circulates dialysate
, 3|Page
What is monitored during treatment? - ANSWER-Machine alarms
monitor the safe progression of the dialysis treatment. Alarms are
divided into two categories. Blood related, and dialysate related
What causes increased arterial pressure? - ANSWER-Kinks,
clamp or occlusion on arterial line
BFR exceeds vascular access flow
Needle gauge size selected compared to BFR
Needle placement
Clotting, stenosis, vasoconstriction or vasospasms
Malposition of catheter tip, constricting sutures at insertion
site or CVC thrombus
Hypotension
Poor cardiac output
Increased blood viscosity due to high hgb or ultrafiltration
What causes increased venous pressure? - ANSWER-Kinks,
clamp or occlusion on venous line
Infiltration or poor needle placement
FRESENIUS PCT NEW HIRE EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+|
||PROFESSOR VERIFIED||
What electrolytes are found in the dialysate? - ANSWER-sodium
(Na+) potassium (K+) calcium (Ca++) magnesium (Mg++)
chloride (Cl-)
What is conductivity? - ANSWER-Conductivity is the ability of a
solution to transmit or "conduct" an electrical current
Name four ways dialysate is checked to ensure that it is safe? -
ANSWER-pH, conductivity, monitoring the machine temperature,
and a negative residual chlorine (bleach) after routine (weekly)
machine disinfection and before the first treatment after the
disinfection
What is Sodium Variation? - ANSWER-also called sodium
modeling is a physician-ordered intervention to help prevent
hypotension during dialysis treatment. There are three
preprogrammed "profiles" that can be ordered by the physician
based on several different comorbidities
,2|Page
Why is dextrose added to the dialysate? - ANSWER-Dextrose, a
form of glucose, is added to prevent hypoglycemia.
What is TMP? - ANSWER-Transmembrane pressure is the
pressure difference across the dialyzer membrane. It reflects the
total pressure across the membrane used to achieve the desired
fluid loss
How can you tell if a dialyzer is clotting? - ANSWER-Indications of
a clotting dialyzer are a rising TMP, rising venous pressure, dark
blood in the dialyzer, and air detector alarms. A venous line that is
clotting will show an increase in venous pressure.
How is dialysis delivered? - ANSWER-The Hemodialysis Machine
is the Delivery System. The machine has two sub-systems.
• Blood delivery system circulates the patient's blood
• Dialysate delivery Mixes & circulates dialysate
, 3|Page
What is monitored during treatment? - ANSWER-Machine alarms
monitor the safe progression of the dialysis treatment. Alarms are
divided into two categories. Blood related, and dialysate related
What causes increased arterial pressure? - ANSWER-Kinks,
clamp or occlusion on arterial line
BFR exceeds vascular access flow
Needle gauge size selected compared to BFR
Needle placement
Clotting, stenosis, vasoconstriction or vasospasms
Malposition of catheter tip, constricting sutures at insertion
site or CVC thrombus
Hypotension
Poor cardiac output
Increased blood viscosity due to high hgb or ultrafiltration
What causes increased venous pressure? - ANSWER-Kinks,
clamp or occlusion on venous line
Infiltration or poor needle placement
