ACC Biology Accuplacer Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_r1k4y
1. Atomic Structure Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom.The nucleus is surrounded
by a cloud of negatively charged electrons which are bound to the nucleus by an
electromagnetic force.
2. Identifying Ele- Elements are arranged based on their atomic and mass numbers on the periodic
ments table of elements. As you go across the table the atomic weight increases.
3. Radioisotopes A naturally or artificially produced radioactive isotope of an element.
4. Molecules The smallest possible amount of a particular substance that has all the character-
istics of that substance. Formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.
5. Compounds A molecule that contains at least two different elements.
6. The role of elec- The electron in the outermost shell of an atom chemically bonds with another atom.
trons in chemical Electrons have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus in the electron
bonding shells.
7. Chemical equa- A symbolic representation of the starting substances(reactants) and the chemical
tion formula of the products.
8. Energy flow in Two possible situations:
chemical reac- 1.The internal energy of the products is less then the internal energy of the
tions reactants.(exergonic reaction)
2.The internal energy of the products is more then the internal energy of the
reactants.(endergonic reaction)
9. Reversible chemi- The reactants and products are never fully consumed.They are each constantly
cal reactions reacting and being produced.
10. Irreversible Reactions in which the reactants convert to products and where the products
chemical cannot convert back to the reactants.
reactions
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11. Inorganic com- Any compounds lacking carbon atoms, or when present is ionically bond to other
pound atoms.
12. Water An inorganic compound that does not contain any carbon atoms.
13. Acids Dissociates in water into electrolytes.A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)
in solution.
14. Bases A substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) in solution, or one that accepts H+
already present in solution.Dissociates in water into electrolytes.
15. Salts Dissociates completely in water. The positive and negative regions on the water
molecule attract the negative chloride and positive sodium ions, pulling them away
from each other.
16. Organic com- Any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds
pounds whose molecules contain carbon.
17. Carbohydrates Groups of molecules that contain carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen.Include sugars
and starches.
18. Lipids Molecules that are insoluble in water.Contain hydrogen,oxygen,and carbon.Oxy-
gen occurs in lower quantities.Some contain phosphors
19. Proteins Contain carbon,oxygen,hydrogen,and nitrogen.Some contain phosphors and sul-
fur.
20. Nucleic acids Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
21. DNA Roles include: blueprint of photosynthesis and directs it's own replication.
22. RNA Roles include: decoding,communication,and translation.
23. Adenosine
triphosphate
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_r1k4y
1. Atomic Structure Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom.The nucleus is surrounded
by a cloud of negatively charged electrons which are bound to the nucleus by an
electromagnetic force.
2. Identifying Ele- Elements are arranged based on their atomic and mass numbers on the periodic
ments table of elements. As you go across the table the atomic weight increases.
3. Radioisotopes A naturally or artificially produced radioactive isotope of an element.
4. Molecules The smallest possible amount of a particular substance that has all the character-
istics of that substance. Formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.
5. Compounds A molecule that contains at least two different elements.
6. The role of elec- The electron in the outermost shell of an atom chemically bonds with another atom.
trons in chemical Electrons have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus in the electron
bonding shells.
7. Chemical equa- A symbolic representation of the starting substances(reactants) and the chemical
tion formula of the products.
8. Energy flow in Two possible situations:
chemical reac- 1.The internal energy of the products is less then the internal energy of the
tions reactants.(exergonic reaction)
2.The internal energy of the products is more then the internal energy of the
reactants.(endergonic reaction)
9. Reversible chemi- The reactants and products are never fully consumed.They are each constantly
cal reactions reacting and being produced.
10. Irreversible Reactions in which the reactants convert to products and where the products
chemical cannot convert back to the reactants.
reactions
1/7
, ACC Biology Accuplacer Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_r1k4y
11. Inorganic com- Any compounds lacking carbon atoms, or when present is ionically bond to other
pound atoms.
12. Water An inorganic compound that does not contain any carbon atoms.
13. Acids Dissociates in water into electrolytes.A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)
in solution.
14. Bases A substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) in solution, or one that accepts H+
already present in solution.Dissociates in water into electrolytes.
15. Salts Dissociates completely in water. The positive and negative regions on the water
molecule attract the negative chloride and positive sodium ions, pulling them away
from each other.
16. Organic com- Any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds
pounds whose molecules contain carbon.
17. Carbohydrates Groups of molecules that contain carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen.Include sugars
and starches.
18. Lipids Molecules that are insoluble in water.Contain hydrogen,oxygen,and carbon.Oxy-
gen occurs in lower quantities.Some contain phosphors
19. Proteins Contain carbon,oxygen,hydrogen,and nitrogen.Some contain phosphors and sul-
fur.
20. Nucleic acids Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
21. DNA Roles include: blueprint of photosynthesis and directs it's own replication.
22. RNA Roles include: decoding,communication,and translation.
23. Adenosine
triphosphate
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