NMNC 1235 exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
Skin - Answers tattoos, piercings, scars, skin folds
Hair - Answers thickness, distribution, color, quantity, etc.
Nevi - Answers 10-40 on the body, rarely on breast, scalp, and buttocks
Nails - Answers Color, configuration, symmetry, length, smoothness, shape, and angle
Lesions - Answers note size, shape, color, texture, elevation/depression, attachment, drainage,
odor, configuration, location, distribution
PERRLA - Answers Pupils are Equal, Round, and React to Light and Accommodation
Weber - Answers tuning fork assessment for hearing: placed on the top of the skull (which ear is
the sound heard louder?)
Rinne - Answers tuning fork assessment to compare air conduction to bone conduction (AC>BC
by 2:1)
Lungs - Answers note the pitch, intensity, quality, presence of unexpected breath sounds, and
duration
Bronchophony - Answers increased loudness of spoken sounds
Pectoriloquy - Answers increased resonance, whisper heard clearly through the stethoscope
Egophony - Answers increased intensity of spoken sounds with a nasal quality
Bronchial sounds - Answers auscultate over the trachea (high pitch/intensity)
Bronchovesicular sounds - Answers auscultate over the bronchi (moderate pitch/intensity)
Vesicular sounds - Answers auscultate over the lung fields (low pitch/intensity)
Dyspnea - Answers increased respiratory effort
Orthopnea - Answers difficulty breathing when supine
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - Answers sudden onset of dyspnea that abruptly awakens the
patient
platypnea - Answers shortness of breath relieved by lying down
tachypnea - Answers faster than 20 breaths per minute, shallow breaths
hypernpnea - Answers faster than 20 breaths per minute, deep breaths, use of accessory
muscles, retractions
, Kussmaul respiration - Answers fast, deep respiratory pattern
clubbed fingernails - Answers may be due to chronic disease including emphysema, lung cancer,
or cystic fibrosis
pursed lips - Answers due to increased expiratory effort
flared alae nasi (nostrils) - Answers may be an indication of air hunger
malodorous breath (bad breath) - Answers may be due to pulmonary infection
Chest exursion - Answers movement of the diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation.
abnormal findings for chest assessment - Answers barrel chest, posterior/lateral deviation,
pigeon chest/funnel chest, asymmetrical movement, unilateral or bilateral bulging, bulging on
expiration
fremitus - Answers feeling vibration on the back when reciting words. lack of vibration can mean
something is pushing the lung away from the chest wall
diastole - Answers ventricles are relaxed and filled with blood from the atria. opens the AV vales
systole - Answers ventricles contract, creating a pressure to close the AV valves. the pressured
forces the semilunar valves open, resulting in ejection of blood into aorta and pulmonary
arteries
cn 2 - Answers optic nerve
cn 7 - Answers facial symmetry when talking
cn 8 - Answers ability to hear
cn 9 and cn 10 - Answers ability to swallow
cn 11 - Answers spinal accessory nerves
cn 12 - Answers ability to enunciate words
geriatric changes in skin - Answers excessive dryness o thinning that tears easily
geriatric changes in hair - Answers changes in texture or distribution
geriatric changes in nails - Answers becomes thicker
geriatric changes in vision - Answers changes in near, distant, or peripheral vision and problems
with night vision or the ability to recognize colors. dry or irritated eyes are common
geriatric changes in hearing - Answers difficulty hearing conversations, doorbell, phone. also
tinnitus (ringing of the ears)
Skin - Answers tattoos, piercings, scars, skin folds
Hair - Answers thickness, distribution, color, quantity, etc.
Nevi - Answers 10-40 on the body, rarely on breast, scalp, and buttocks
Nails - Answers Color, configuration, symmetry, length, smoothness, shape, and angle
Lesions - Answers note size, shape, color, texture, elevation/depression, attachment, drainage,
odor, configuration, location, distribution
PERRLA - Answers Pupils are Equal, Round, and React to Light and Accommodation
Weber - Answers tuning fork assessment for hearing: placed on the top of the skull (which ear is
the sound heard louder?)
Rinne - Answers tuning fork assessment to compare air conduction to bone conduction (AC>BC
by 2:1)
Lungs - Answers note the pitch, intensity, quality, presence of unexpected breath sounds, and
duration
Bronchophony - Answers increased loudness of spoken sounds
Pectoriloquy - Answers increased resonance, whisper heard clearly through the stethoscope
Egophony - Answers increased intensity of spoken sounds with a nasal quality
Bronchial sounds - Answers auscultate over the trachea (high pitch/intensity)
Bronchovesicular sounds - Answers auscultate over the bronchi (moderate pitch/intensity)
Vesicular sounds - Answers auscultate over the lung fields (low pitch/intensity)
Dyspnea - Answers increased respiratory effort
Orthopnea - Answers difficulty breathing when supine
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - Answers sudden onset of dyspnea that abruptly awakens the
patient
platypnea - Answers shortness of breath relieved by lying down
tachypnea - Answers faster than 20 breaths per minute, shallow breaths
hypernpnea - Answers faster than 20 breaths per minute, deep breaths, use of accessory
muscles, retractions
, Kussmaul respiration - Answers fast, deep respiratory pattern
clubbed fingernails - Answers may be due to chronic disease including emphysema, lung cancer,
or cystic fibrosis
pursed lips - Answers due to increased expiratory effort
flared alae nasi (nostrils) - Answers may be an indication of air hunger
malodorous breath (bad breath) - Answers may be due to pulmonary infection
Chest exursion - Answers movement of the diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation.
abnormal findings for chest assessment - Answers barrel chest, posterior/lateral deviation,
pigeon chest/funnel chest, asymmetrical movement, unilateral or bilateral bulging, bulging on
expiration
fremitus - Answers feeling vibration on the back when reciting words. lack of vibration can mean
something is pushing the lung away from the chest wall
diastole - Answers ventricles are relaxed and filled with blood from the atria. opens the AV vales
systole - Answers ventricles contract, creating a pressure to close the AV valves. the pressured
forces the semilunar valves open, resulting in ejection of blood into aorta and pulmonary
arteries
cn 2 - Answers optic nerve
cn 7 - Answers facial symmetry when talking
cn 8 - Answers ability to hear
cn 9 and cn 10 - Answers ability to swallow
cn 11 - Answers spinal accessory nerves
cn 12 - Answers ability to enunciate words
geriatric changes in skin - Answers excessive dryness o thinning that tears easily
geriatric changes in hair - Answers changes in texture or distribution
geriatric changes in nails - Answers becomes thicker
geriatric changes in vision - Answers changes in near, distant, or peripheral vision and problems
with night vision or the ability to recognize colors. dry or irritated eyes are common
geriatric changes in hearing - Answers difficulty hearing conversations, doorbell, phone. also
tinnitus (ringing of the ears)
