BMSC 200 Module 2 Exam Questions
and Answers
Linus Pauling's Quote Regarding Hydrogen Bonds - ANSWER-"the significance of
the hydrogen bond for philosophy is greater than that of any other singe structural
feature."
Hydrogen Bonds: Strength and Geometry - ANSWER-- weak, ~ 5% of covalent
bonds
- double the length of covalent bonds
- strength is dependent on geometry
- ex. anti-parallel beta sheets are more stable than parallel because there is better
geometry of hydrogen bonding
Parallel and Anti-parallel Hydrogen Bonding - ANSWER-
Unusual properties of water - ANSWER-- each molecule can donate and accept two
hydrogen bonds
- each molecule can interact with four hydrogen bonds between four other molecules
- 3.4 hydrogen bonds for each molecule "flickering clusters"
- great internal cohesion, influencing the properties of water
- most living organisms are isothermal, meaning water helps us to stay cool with its
high SHC and its high composition in our bodies
Heat of Vaporization - ANSWER-the amount of heat required to vaporize a liquid at
its boiling temperature
Specific Heat Capacity - ANSWER-the amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of a substance by one degree
Polywater - ANSWER-- a deadlier form of H2O
- created by forcing water through a quartz tube, resulted in a higher boiling point,
lower freezing point and a hight viscosity than ordinary water
Electrostatic Interactions - ANSWER-- interact with and dissolve charged solutes
through formation of hydration layers
- water molecules can interact with both positively and negatively charged ions
Water as a solvent - ANSWER-- water molecules are ideal hydrogen bonding
partners
- functional groups in biomolecules can hydrogen bond within the same molecule,
other biomolecules or with water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-Water-loving, polar
, Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Water-fearing, non-polar
Amphipathic - ANSWER-both hydrophilic and phobic, e.g. fatty acids
Solubility of dissolved molecules - ANSWER-- important gases like CO2 and O2 are
non-polar and have limited solubility in water and blood
- this is a challenge for transport
-
Behaviour of Amphipathic Substances - ANSWER-- hydrophilic regions interact
favourably with water
- hydrophobic regions cluster together, creating a small surface to the water
- *hydrophobic interactions* hold non-polar regions together
- *most biomolecules are amphipathic
- hydrophobic drive is a primary driving force in formation and stabilization of
bimolecular structures
Weak Interactions: Molecular Structure and Function - ANSWER-- biomolecules
represent sable polymers of covalently linked building blocks
- structure are largely determined by non-covalent interactions
- non-covalent interactions influence the way biomolecules interact
Non-covalent Interactions enable what? - ANSWER-- Transient, dynamic
interactions
- Flexibility of structure and function
Non-covalent forces influence what? - ANSWER-- formation and stabilization of
structures of biomolecules
- recognition/interactions between biomolecules
- binding of reactants to enzymes
Non-covalent interactions within biomolecules include what? - ANSWER-- hydrogen
bonds
- ionic (electrostatic) interactions
- hydrophobic interactions
- Van Der Waals interactions
Weak Interactions: Hydrogen bonds - ANSWER-- many functional groups within
biomolecules have hydrogen bonding capacities
- critical for specificity of bimolecular interactions, but not formation of structures
- unfolded, they can bind with water and are a nearly perfect hydrogen bonder
Biomolecules with high bonding capacity can for hydrogen bonds with what? -
ANSWER-- water molecules
- within the same molecule, intramolecular
- in other molecules, intermolecular
Weak Interactions: Ionic interactions - ANSWER-- known as "electrostatic"
interactions
and Answers
Linus Pauling's Quote Regarding Hydrogen Bonds - ANSWER-"the significance of
the hydrogen bond for philosophy is greater than that of any other singe structural
feature."
Hydrogen Bonds: Strength and Geometry - ANSWER-- weak, ~ 5% of covalent
bonds
- double the length of covalent bonds
- strength is dependent on geometry
- ex. anti-parallel beta sheets are more stable than parallel because there is better
geometry of hydrogen bonding
Parallel and Anti-parallel Hydrogen Bonding - ANSWER-
Unusual properties of water - ANSWER-- each molecule can donate and accept two
hydrogen bonds
- each molecule can interact with four hydrogen bonds between four other molecules
- 3.4 hydrogen bonds for each molecule "flickering clusters"
- great internal cohesion, influencing the properties of water
- most living organisms are isothermal, meaning water helps us to stay cool with its
high SHC and its high composition in our bodies
Heat of Vaporization - ANSWER-the amount of heat required to vaporize a liquid at
its boiling temperature
Specific Heat Capacity - ANSWER-the amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of a substance by one degree
Polywater - ANSWER-- a deadlier form of H2O
- created by forcing water through a quartz tube, resulted in a higher boiling point,
lower freezing point and a hight viscosity than ordinary water
Electrostatic Interactions - ANSWER-- interact with and dissolve charged solutes
through formation of hydration layers
- water molecules can interact with both positively and negatively charged ions
Water as a solvent - ANSWER-- water molecules are ideal hydrogen bonding
partners
- functional groups in biomolecules can hydrogen bond within the same molecule,
other biomolecules or with water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-Water-loving, polar
, Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Water-fearing, non-polar
Amphipathic - ANSWER-both hydrophilic and phobic, e.g. fatty acids
Solubility of dissolved molecules - ANSWER-- important gases like CO2 and O2 are
non-polar and have limited solubility in water and blood
- this is a challenge for transport
-
Behaviour of Amphipathic Substances - ANSWER-- hydrophilic regions interact
favourably with water
- hydrophobic regions cluster together, creating a small surface to the water
- *hydrophobic interactions* hold non-polar regions together
- *most biomolecules are amphipathic
- hydrophobic drive is a primary driving force in formation and stabilization of
bimolecular structures
Weak Interactions: Molecular Structure and Function - ANSWER-- biomolecules
represent sable polymers of covalently linked building blocks
- structure are largely determined by non-covalent interactions
- non-covalent interactions influence the way biomolecules interact
Non-covalent Interactions enable what? - ANSWER-- Transient, dynamic
interactions
- Flexibility of structure and function
Non-covalent forces influence what? - ANSWER-- formation and stabilization of
structures of biomolecules
- recognition/interactions between biomolecules
- binding of reactants to enzymes
Non-covalent interactions within biomolecules include what? - ANSWER-- hydrogen
bonds
- ionic (electrostatic) interactions
- hydrophobic interactions
- Van Der Waals interactions
Weak Interactions: Hydrogen bonds - ANSWER-- many functional groups within
biomolecules have hydrogen bonding capacities
- critical for specificity of bimolecular interactions, but not formation of structures
- unfolded, they can bind with water and are a nearly perfect hydrogen bonder
Biomolecules with high bonding capacity can for hydrogen bonds with what? -
ANSWER-- water molecules
- within the same molecule, intramolecular
- in other molecules, intermolecular
Weak Interactions: Ionic interactions - ANSWER-- known as "electrostatic"
interactions
