BMSC 200 Module 8 Exam Questions
and Answers
fatty acid melting point is determined by - ANSWER-length and degree of saturation
in the hydrocarbon tails
-double bonds have a greater influence on hydrocarbon association
lipids required for energy are stored as - ANSWER-triacylglycerols
fat under skin provides - ANSWER-extra insulation for cold weather animals
site of energy storage - ANSWER-adipocytes
triacylglycerol - ANSWER-3 fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule by an ester
linkage
-simple triacylglycerols have thesame 3 fatty acids, complex ones have different fatty
acids
ester linkage in triacylglycerol - ANSWER-removes the polar carboxyl group to make
a more hydrophobic molecule
different energy storage molecules serve different - ANSWER-biological roles
-fats are the key molecule for long term energy storage
-fats hold 6x more energy than fats on a gram per gram basis
ATP, fats and carbs duration of energy storage - ANSWER-less than 1 second, few
weeks, 1 day
reason triacylglycerols burn more rapidly than carbs - ANSWER-b/c less oxygenated
fuels burn more rapidly
important result of hydrophobic nature of lipids - ANSWER-they form a compact
dehydrated form
saponification - ANSWER-treating fats with a strong base to break ester linkages
-free fatty acid are amphipathic making them able to solubize hydrophobic molecules
micelles - ANSWER-capture hydrophobic molecules which make fatty acids function
as detergents and soaps
olestra - ANSWER-made of 8 fatty acids linked to a sugar
-looks and taste like fat but body cant digest it
waxes - ANSWER-non-polar esters made up of long fatty acid chain and long chain
of monohydroxylic alcohol
, -highly water insoluble and have a high melting point
-used as a coating for various leaves, animal skin, fruit, feathers
membrane lipids tend to have similar overall shape and property composed of -
ANSWER-two hydrophobic tails attached to a hydrophobic head
membrane lipids can be grouped according to their - ANSWER-backbone(glycerol or
sphingosine) or polar head group(phospho or glyco)
glycerophospholipids - ANSWER--most abundant lipids in membranes`
-glycerol backbone with phosphate attached at the carbon 3 position
-adding 2 fatty acids to glycerol backbone=phospotidate(diacylglycerol-3-phosphate)
-phosphate group is attachment site for molecules with polar head groups
different head groups can carry.....and have.... - ANSWER-positive, negative or
neutral charges; specialized functions
some plants often lack phosphates, therefore to save phosphates for more critical
uses like nucleic acids, plants use - ANSWER-sugar and sulfate head groups
galactolipids - ANSWER-galactose bonded to carbon 3 of diacylglycerol
galactolipids and sulfolipids - ANSWER-plants often contain....
sphingolipids - ANSWER-derived from sphingosine
sphingosine - ANSWER-long chain amino alcohol
-structurally similar to monoacylglycerol
ceramide - ANSWER-single fatty acid linked to sphingolipid by amide bond
-structurally similar to diacylglycerol
ceramide can have a variety of - ANSWER-polar head groups attached
types of phospholipids - ANSWER-sphingomyelin, gangliosides, cerebrosides
example of sphingomyelin - ANSWER-phosphocholine
example of ganglioside - ANSWER-glycosphingolipid
multiple sugar units
example of cerebroside - ANSWER-glycophospholipiid
single sugar unit
cells recognize self and non-self based on - ANSWER-cell surface carbs, therefore
transfusion of another blood type different from yours=severe immune reaction
different blood types reflect - ANSWER-different sugar patterns on the head groups
of the sphingolipid
and Answers
fatty acid melting point is determined by - ANSWER-length and degree of saturation
in the hydrocarbon tails
-double bonds have a greater influence on hydrocarbon association
lipids required for energy are stored as - ANSWER-triacylglycerols
fat under skin provides - ANSWER-extra insulation for cold weather animals
site of energy storage - ANSWER-adipocytes
triacylglycerol - ANSWER-3 fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule by an ester
linkage
-simple triacylglycerols have thesame 3 fatty acids, complex ones have different fatty
acids
ester linkage in triacylglycerol - ANSWER-removes the polar carboxyl group to make
a more hydrophobic molecule
different energy storage molecules serve different - ANSWER-biological roles
-fats are the key molecule for long term energy storage
-fats hold 6x more energy than fats on a gram per gram basis
ATP, fats and carbs duration of energy storage - ANSWER-less than 1 second, few
weeks, 1 day
reason triacylglycerols burn more rapidly than carbs - ANSWER-b/c less oxygenated
fuels burn more rapidly
important result of hydrophobic nature of lipids - ANSWER-they form a compact
dehydrated form
saponification - ANSWER-treating fats with a strong base to break ester linkages
-free fatty acid are amphipathic making them able to solubize hydrophobic molecules
micelles - ANSWER-capture hydrophobic molecules which make fatty acids function
as detergents and soaps
olestra - ANSWER-made of 8 fatty acids linked to a sugar
-looks and taste like fat but body cant digest it
waxes - ANSWER-non-polar esters made up of long fatty acid chain and long chain
of monohydroxylic alcohol
, -highly water insoluble and have a high melting point
-used as a coating for various leaves, animal skin, fruit, feathers
membrane lipids tend to have similar overall shape and property composed of -
ANSWER-two hydrophobic tails attached to a hydrophobic head
membrane lipids can be grouped according to their - ANSWER-backbone(glycerol or
sphingosine) or polar head group(phospho or glyco)
glycerophospholipids - ANSWER--most abundant lipids in membranes`
-glycerol backbone with phosphate attached at the carbon 3 position
-adding 2 fatty acids to glycerol backbone=phospotidate(diacylglycerol-3-phosphate)
-phosphate group is attachment site for molecules with polar head groups
different head groups can carry.....and have.... - ANSWER-positive, negative or
neutral charges; specialized functions
some plants often lack phosphates, therefore to save phosphates for more critical
uses like nucleic acids, plants use - ANSWER-sugar and sulfate head groups
galactolipids - ANSWER-galactose bonded to carbon 3 of diacylglycerol
galactolipids and sulfolipids - ANSWER-plants often contain....
sphingolipids - ANSWER-derived from sphingosine
sphingosine - ANSWER-long chain amino alcohol
-structurally similar to monoacylglycerol
ceramide - ANSWER-single fatty acid linked to sphingolipid by amide bond
-structurally similar to diacylglycerol
ceramide can have a variety of - ANSWER-polar head groups attached
types of phospholipids - ANSWER-sphingomyelin, gangliosides, cerebrosides
example of sphingomyelin - ANSWER-phosphocholine
example of ganglioside - ANSWER-glycosphingolipid
multiple sugar units
example of cerebroside - ANSWER-glycophospholipiid
single sugar unit
cells recognize self and non-self based on - ANSWER-cell surface carbs, therefore
transfusion of another blood type different from yours=severe immune reaction
different blood types reflect - ANSWER-different sugar patterns on the head groups
of the sphingolipid
