Module 7 - BMSC 200 Exam
Questions and Answers
Epimers - ANSWER-sugars that differ at a single chiral center. Two stereoisomers
differing in configuration at one asymmetric center, in a compound having two or
more asymmetric centers.
Hemiacetal - ANSWER-The product of the reaction between an alcohol and the
carbonyl group of an aldehyde.
Hemiketal - ANSWER-The product of the reaction between an alcohol and the
carbonyl group of a ketone.
Pyranose - ANSWER-A simple sugar containing a six-membered pyran ring.
Furanose - ANSWER-A simple sugar containing a five-membered furan ring.
Anomeric carbon - ANSWER-The carbonyl carbon of a monosaccharide that
becomes a chiral center when the sugar cyclizes.
Anomers - ANSWER-Two stereoisomers of a given sugar that differ only in the
configuration about the carbonyl (anomeric) carbon.
Reducing End - ANSWER-The end of a polysaccharide having a terminal sugar with
a free anomeric carbon; the terminal residue can act as a reducing sugar.
Reducing Sugar - ANSWER-A sugar in which the carbonyl (anomeric) carbon is not
involved in a glycosidic bond and can therefore undergo oxidation.
Homopolysaccharide - ANSWER-A polysaccharide made up of only one type of
monosaccharide unit. can be branched or unbranched
Heteropolysaccharide - ANSWER-A polysaccharide made up of more than one type
of monosaccharide unit. can be branched or unbranched
Glycosaminoglycan - ANSWER-A heteropolysaccharide of two alternating units: one
is either N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine; the other is a uronic acid
(usually glucuronic acid).
Proteoglycan - ANSWER-A hybrid macromolecule consisting of a
heteropolysaccharide joined to a polypeptide; the polysaccharide is the major
component.
a protein component is linked to a particular type of carb called a glycosaminoglycan.
the carb constituent is the largest component by weight. often serve structural and
lubricating functions.
Questions and Answers
Epimers - ANSWER-sugars that differ at a single chiral center. Two stereoisomers
differing in configuration at one asymmetric center, in a compound having two or
more asymmetric centers.
Hemiacetal - ANSWER-The product of the reaction between an alcohol and the
carbonyl group of an aldehyde.
Hemiketal - ANSWER-The product of the reaction between an alcohol and the
carbonyl group of a ketone.
Pyranose - ANSWER-A simple sugar containing a six-membered pyran ring.
Furanose - ANSWER-A simple sugar containing a five-membered furan ring.
Anomeric carbon - ANSWER-The carbonyl carbon of a monosaccharide that
becomes a chiral center when the sugar cyclizes.
Anomers - ANSWER-Two stereoisomers of a given sugar that differ only in the
configuration about the carbonyl (anomeric) carbon.
Reducing End - ANSWER-The end of a polysaccharide having a terminal sugar with
a free anomeric carbon; the terminal residue can act as a reducing sugar.
Reducing Sugar - ANSWER-A sugar in which the carbonyl (anomeric) carbon is not
involved in a glycosidic bond and can therefore undergo oxidation.
Homopolysaccharide - ANSWER-A polysaccharide made up of only one type of
monosaccharide unit. can be branched or unbranched
Heteropolysaccharide - ANSWER-A polysaccharide made up of more than one type
of monosaccharide unit. can be branched or unbranched
Glycosaminoglycan - ANSWER-A heteropolysaccharide of two alternating units: one
is either N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine; the other is a uronic acid
(usually glucuronic acid).
Proteoglycan - ANSWER-A hybrid macromolecule consisting of a
heteropolysaccharide joined to a polypeptide; the polysaccharide is the major
component.
a protein component is linked to a particular type of carb called a glycosaminoglycan.
the carb constituent is the largest component by weight. often serve structural and
lubricating functions.
