BIOL 2230 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
What role has endosymbiosis played in evolution? -
What are some distinguishing features of Protists? - - Highly diverse grouping of
eukaryotic organisms
- Unicellular or multicellular
- Autotrophs (algae) or Heterotrophs (protozoa)
- Motile or non-motile
- Cell walls or no cell walls
Most are harmless, but some cause disease
What are algae and protozoans? - PROTOZOANS:
-pathogens
- unicellular
- heterotrophic
- motile (flagella, cilia, psuedopods)
- 2 stages: trophozoite and cyst
- no cell walls
- some cause disease
ALGAE:
- autotrophic
- agar produced by red algae
- diatoms (oil comes from diatoms)
What are cysts and trophozoites? - Cyst- dormant, often transmitted
Trophozoite- active feeding state
What are the Archaezoans, Euglenozoans, Amoebozoans, and Alveolates? Examples?
- Archaezoans- Move by two or more flagella, have nonfunctional mitochondria
(mitosomes), anaerobic. Ex: Giardia, Trichomonas
Euglenozoans- large flagella strengthened by protein rod. Ex: Euglena, Trypanosoma
Amoebozoans- move by pseudopods. Ex: Entamoeba histolytica, Amoeba proteus
Alveolates- numerous water filled vesicles beneath the plasma membrane. Ex:
Paramecium, Plasmodium
, What diseases are caused by Giardia, Trichomonas, Trypanosoma, Entamoeba, and
Plasmodium? - Giardia- fatty diarrhea
Trichomonas- vaginitis
Trypanosoma- sleeping sickness
Entamoeba- dysentery (bloody diarrhea)
Plasmodium- malaria
How does Flagyl work? - It inhibits DNA synthesis
What are diatoms? Importance? - Cell walls made of glass.
When the diatom breaks, it falls to the floor of the ocean and that is where oil comes
from.
What are some distinguishing features of fungi? - - Unicellular (yeast) or multicellular
(mold)
- Heterotrophic
- Non-motile
- Cell walls made of chitin
- Decomposers
- Some cause disease (mycosis)
What are some metabolic features of fungi? -
How do yeast reproduce? - By binary fission or budding
How do molds reproduce? Sexual vs. asexual? - Asexually or sexually by means of
spores
What are hyphae?
What are spores? - Hyphae- filaments of fungi cells
Spores- a reproductive structure formed by fungi
What are conidiospores?
What are sporangiospores? - Conidiospores- exposed spores
Sporangiospores- enclosed spores
What is a mycosis? Examples? - A fungal disease (the fungus thinks you are the food
source).
Examples:
Answers
What role has endosymbiosis played in evolution? -
What are some distinguishing features of Protists? - - Highly diverse grouping of
eukaryotic organisms
- Unicellular or multicellular
- Autotrophs (algae) or Heterotrophs (protozoa)
- Motile or non-motile
- Cell walls or no cell walls
Most are harmless, but some cause disease
What are algae and protozoans? - PROTOZOANS:
-pathogens
- unicellular
- heterotrophic
- motile (flagella, cilia, psuedopods)
- 2 stages: trophozoite and cyst
- no cell walls
- some cause disease
ALGAE:
- autotrophic
- agar produced by red algae
- diatoms (oil comes from diatoms)
What are cysts and trophozoites? - Cyst- dormant, often transmitted
Trophozoite- active feeding state
What are the Archaezoans, Euglenozoans, Amoebozoans, and Alveolates? Examples?
- Archaezoans- Move by two or more flagella, have nonfunctional mitochondria
(mitosomes), anaerobic. Ex: Giardia, Trichomonas
Euglenozoans- large flagella strengthened by protein rod. Ex: Euglena, Trypanosoma
Amoebozoans- move by pseudopods. Ex: Entamoeba histolytica, Amoeba proteus
Alveolates- numerous water filled vesicles beneath the plasma membrane. Ex:
Paramecium, Plasmodium
, What diseases are caused by Giardia, Trichomonas, Trypanosoma, Entamoeba, and
Plasmodium? - Giardia- fatty diarrhea
Trichomonas- vaginitis
Trypanosoma- sleeping sickness
Entamoeba- dysentery (bloody diarrhea)
Plasmodium- malaria
How does Flagyl work? - It inhibits DNA synthesis
What are diatoms? Importance? - Cell walls made of glass.
When the diatom breaks, it falls to the floor of the ocean and that is where oil comes
from.
What are some distinguishing features of fungi? - - Unicellular (yeast) or multicellular
(mold)
- Heterotrophic
- Non-motile
- Cell walls made of chitin
- Decomposers
- Some cause disease (mycosis)
What are some metabolic features of fungi? -
How do yeast reproduce? - By binary fission or budding
How do molds reproduce? Sexual vs. asexual? - Asexually or sexually by means of
spores
What are hyphae?
What are spores? - Hyphae- filaments of fungi cells
Spores- a reproductive structure formed by fungi
What are conidiospores?
What are sporangiospores? - Conidiospores- exposed spores
Sporangiospores- enclosed spores
What is a mycosis? Examples? - A fungal disease (the fungus thinks you are the food
source).
Examples:
