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1. Learning is a ______ in _______ due to _______. - ANSWER change,
behavior, experience
2. The human fondness for sugar and ____ illustrates that behavior that has
survival value at one time may be harmful at another time. - ANSWER
salt
3. The sight of a chick with an open mouth reliably results in an adult bird
providing food. This chick's open mouth is an example of a ____. - ANSWER
releaser
4. Evolution is the product of ____ and _____. - ANSWER natural selection,
variation
5. A reflex is a _____ between a specific _____ and a simple response. -
ANSWER relationship, event/ stimulus
6. One example of a general behavior trait is _____. - ANSWER shyness/
extroversion
,7. _____ is a reduction in the intensity or probability of a reflex response due
to repeated exposure to a stimulus that elicits that response. - ANSWER
habituation
8. Learning can be thought of as evolved _____. - ANSWER adaptability
9. The chief limitation of natural selection as a mechanism for coping with
change is that it is ____. - ANSWER slow
10.Darwin likened natural selection to the _____ of animals. - ANSWER
breeding
11.Darwin was influenced by the book, An Essay on the Principle of Population,
by ______. - ANSWER Thomas Malthus
12.A reflex is ________ - ANSWER a relationship between an event and a
simple response
13.The chief advantage of learning over natural selection as a means of
adapting to change is that learning ________ . - ANSWER is faster
14.Learning is evolved ________ . - ANSWER modifiability
15.Experience refers to ________ . - ANSWER changes in the environment
, 16.This text takes the ______ approach to behavior. - ANSWER natural
science
17.One reason that many learning studies use animals is that with animals it is
possible to get greater ___ over variables. - ANSWER control
18.T.H. Huxley wrote, "Sit down before fact as a _____" - ANSWER little
child
19.The law of ___ says that the simplest explanation that fits the data is best. -
ANSWER parisomy
20.The kind of experiment that can be likened to turning a light switch on and
off is an ______ design. - ANSWER ABA reversal
21._____ design experiments assume that there are no important differences
among participants. - ANSWER between subject
22.A change in ______ means a change in the form a behavior takes. -
ANSWER topography
23.______ is a measure of learning that combines errors and rate. - ANSWER
fluency