HESI PN NUTRITION EXAM 2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
80 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). What information is most important for
the PN to reinforce with the client about life-style changes?
A) Eliminating all carbohydrates.
B) Consuming large, infrequent meals.
C) Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections.
D) Avoiding all physical activity.
E) Relying solely on medication.
Correct Answer: C) Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selectiions
Rationale: Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections are a
cornerstone of lifestyle changes for managing type 2 DM, helping to
regulate blood glucose and promote cardiovascular health.
Question 2
The practical nurse (PN) suspects that a male client is altering his own
diabetic journals to please his healthcare provider. Which laboratory test
should the PN review to evaluate the client's compliance with self-
management for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?
A) Fasting blood glucose.
B) Random blood glucose.
C) Hemoglobin A1c.
D) Urine glucose.
E) Oral glucose tolerance test.
Correct Answer: C) Hemoglobin A1c.
Rationale: Hemoglobin A1c provides an average blood glucose level
over the past 2-3 months, offering an objective measure of long-
term glycemic control that is less susceptible to acute fluctuations
or client manipulation compared to self-recorded daily values.
,Question 3
The practical nurse (PN) is evaluating a client for an increased need for B12
after undergoing a subtotal gastrectomy. Which foods should the PN
recommend that the client include in the diet?
A) Fruits and vegetables.
B) Grains and legumes.
C) Cheese, eggs, and fish.
D) Nuts and seeds.
E) Herbs and spices.
Correct Answer: C) Cheese, eggs, and fish.
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products. After a
gastrectomy, intrinsic factor production is reduced, leading to
malabsorption of B12. Recommending foods rich in B12 like cheese,
eggs, and fish addresses this increased need.
Question 4
The home health practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with a stage III
pressure ulcer. Which food group that contains zinc should be added to the
client's diet to aid in wound healing?
A) Fruits and vegetables.
B) Dairy products.
C) Meats and shellfish.
D) Grains and cereals.
E) Legumes and nuts.
Correct Answer: C) Meats and shellfish
Rationale: Zinc is a crucial mineral for wound healing and immune
function. Meats and shellfish are excellent sources of zinc and
should be encouraged in the client's diet.
Question 5
The practical nurse (PN) receives four new admissions in an assisted living
community. After reviewing the clients' medical histories, which client should
,the PN evaluate for a higher caloric diet?
A) A client with controlled hypertension.
B) A client with stable osteoarthritis.
C) A client with bacterial pneumonia.
D) A client with well-managed type 2 diabetes.
E) A client recovering from a minor sprain.
Correct Answer: C) A client with bacterial pneumonia.
Rationale: A client with bacterial pneumonia has an increased
metabolic demand due to infection, inflammation, and the body's
healing processes, necessitating a higher caloric intake to support
recovery and prevent malnutrition.
Question 6
The practical nurse (PN) is assisting an Orthodox Jewish client who has
dementia make weekly dinner choices in an assisted living community. Which
main course selection should the PN suggest that is suitable for a kosher
diet?
A) Pork chops with applesauce.
B) Shrimp scampi with pasta.
C) Lamb chops with mint jelly.
D) Cheeseburger on a bun.
E) Baked ham with potatoes.
Correct Answer: C) Lamb chops with mint jelly.
Rationale: Lamb is a kosher meat. Pork and shellfish (shrimp) are
non-kosher. Dairy and meat cannot be consumed together, so a
cheeseburger is not suitable. Lamb chops with mint jelly would be
an appropriate kosher selection.
Question 7
The practical nurse (PN) is evaluating the client's knowledge of low-sodium
menu selections. Which food items listed by the client confirm appropriate
choices? (Select all that apply.)
, A) White rice with steamed vegetables.
B) Canned soup.
C) Cottage cheese with sliced tomatoes.
D) Processed deli meats.
E) Pickles.
Correct Answer: A) A. White rice with steamed vegetables.
C) C. Cottage cheese with sliced tomatoes.
Rationale: White rice with steamed vegetables and cottage cheese
with sliced tomatoes are appropriate low-sodium choices. Canned
soup, processed deli meats, and pickles are typically high in sodium.
Question 8
A client who is lactose intolerant asks the practical nurse (PN) for
suggestions about different food sources that are enriched in calcium and
vitamin D. Which foods should the PN suggest?
A) Regular cow's milk.
B) Ice cream.
C) Fortified soy products.
D) Yogurt with active cultures.
E) Cottage cheese.
Correct Answer: C) Fortified soy products.
Rationale: Fortified soy products (milk, yogurt) are excellent lactose-
free sources of calcium and vitamin D. While some individuals with
lactose intolerance can tolerate yogurt with active cultures, fortified
soy products are a more consistently reliable and dairy-free option.
Question 9
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing guidelines to manage stress
incontinence with a female client. Which dietary change should the PN
emphasize that will benefit the client?
A) Increase fluid intake significantly.
B) Consume more spicy foods.
80 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). What information is most important for
the PN to reinforce with the client about life-style changes?
A) Eliminating all carbohydrates.
B) Consuming large, infrequent meals.
C) Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections.
D) Avoiding all physical activity.
E) Relying solely on medication.
Correct Answer: C) Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selectiions
Rationale: Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections are a
cornerstone of lifestyle changes for managing type 2 DM, helping to
regulate blood glucose and promote cardiovascular health.
Question 2
The practical nurse (PN) suspects that a male client is altering his own
diabetic journals to please his healthcare provider. Which laboratory test
should the PN review to evaluate the client's compliance with self-
management for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?
A) Fasting blood glucose.
B) Random blood glucose.
C) Hemoglobin A1c.
D) Urine glucose.
E) Oral glucose tolerance test.
Correct Answer: C) Hemoglobin A1c.
Rationale: Hemoglobin A1c provides an average blood glucose level
over the past 2-3 months, offering an objective measure of long-
term glycemic control that is less susceptible to acute fluctuations
or client manipulation compared to self-recorded daily values.
,Question 3
The practical nurse (PN) is evaluating a client for an increased need for B12
after undergoing a subtotal gastrectomy. Which foods should the PN
recommend that the client include in the diet?
A) Fruits and vegetables.
B) Grains and legumes.
C) Cheese, eggs, and fish.
D) Nuts and seeds.
E) Herbs and spices.
Correct Answer: C) Cheese, eggs, and fish.
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products. After a
gastrectomy, intrinsic factor production is reduced, leading to
malabsorption of B12. Recommending foods rich in B12 like cheese,
eggs, and fish addresses this increased need.
Question 4
The home health practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with a stage III
pressure ulcer. Which food group that contains zinc should be added to the
client's diet to aid in wound healing?
A) Fruits and vegetables.
B) Dairy products.
C) Meats and shellfish.
D) Grains and cereals.
E) Legumes and nuts.
Correct Answer: C) Meats and shellfish
Rationale: Zinc is a crucial mineral for wound healing and immune
function. Meats and shellfish are excellent sources of zinc and
should be encouraged in the client's diet.
Question 5
The practical nurse (PN) receives four new admissions in an assisted living
community. After reviewing the clients' medical histories, which client should
,the PN evaluate for a higher caloric diet?
A) A client with controlled hypertension.
B) A client with stable osteoarthritis.
C) A client with bacterial pneumonia.
D) A client with well-managed type 2 diabetes.
E) A client recovering from a minor sprain.
Correct Answer: C) A client with bacterial pneumonia.
Rationale: A client with bacterial pneumonia has an increased
metabolic demand due to infection, inflammation, and the body's
healing processes, necessitating a higher caloric intake to support
recovery and prevent malnutrition.
Question 6
The practical nurse (PN) is assisting an Orthodox Jewish client who has
dementia make weekly dinner choices in an assisted living community. Which
main course selection should the PN suggest that is suitable for a kosher
diet?
A) Pork chops with applesauce.
B) Shrimp scampi with pasta.
C) Lamb chops with mint jelly.
D) Cheeseburger on a bun.
E) Baked ham with potatoes.
Correct Answer: C) Lamb chops with mint jelly.
Rationale: Lamb is a kosher meat. Pork and shellfish (shrimp) are
non-kosher. Dairy and meat cannot be consumed together, so a
cheeseburger is not suitable. Lamb chops with mint jelly would be
an appropriate kosher selection.
Question 7
The practical nurse (PN) is evaluating the client's knowledge of low-sodium
menu selections. Which food items listed by the client confirm appropriate
choices? (Select all that apply.)
, A) White rice with steamed vegetables.
B) Canned soup.
C) Cottage cheese with sliced tomatoes.
D) Processed deli meats.
E) Pickles.
Correct Answer: A) A. White rice with steamed vegetables.
C) C. Cottage cheese with sliced tomatoes.
Rationale: White rice with steamed vegetables and cottage cheese
with sliced tomatoes are appropriate low-sodium choices. Canned
soup, processed deli meats, and pickles are typically high in sodium.
Question 8
A client who is lactose intolerant asks the practical nurse (PN) for
suggestions about different food sources that are enriched in calcium and
vitamin D. Which foods should the PN suggest?
A) Regular cow's milk.
B) Ice cream.
C) Fortified soy products.
D) Yogurt with active cultures.
E) Cottage cheese.
Correct Answer: C) Fortified soy products.
Rationale: Fortified soy products (milk, yogurt) are excellent lactose-
free sources of calcium and vitamin D. While some individuals with
lactose intolerance can tolerate yogurt with active cultures, fortified
soy products are a more consistently reliable and dairy-free option.
Question 9
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing guidelines to manage stress
incontinence with a female client. Which dietary change should the PN
emphasize that will benefit the client?
A) Increase fluid intake significantly.
B) Consume more spicy foods.
