FTCE Elementary Education k-6
Language Arts and Reading
1.The 5 Components of Reading: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocab- ulary, comprehension
2.Phonemic Awareness: The ability to hear and manipulate the sounds
of spoken language. Includes noticing rhyme and recognizing the
separate, small sounds in words (phonemes).
3.Phonics: The understanding of the relationships between the written
letters of the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language. This
knowledge allows a reader to "decode" words by translating the letters
into speech sounds.
4.Fluency: The ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper
expression.
5.Vocabulary: Includes all the words the reader can understand and use.
6.Comprehension: Ability to understand what one has read. Includes
recognizing main idea of article or able to compare and contrast
different characters.
7.Word Recognition: the student has ability to visually identify words in
isolation or context.
8.Phases of word recognition: pre-alphabetic, partial-alphabetic, full-
alphabetic, graphophonemic, and morphemic.
9.Text to self: the reader made a connection from the reading to own
personal life.
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,10.Text to text: the reader made a connection from the reading to
another book with similar writing style, theme, or topic.
11.Text to world: the reader made a connection from the reading to a
topic or an event that has taken place in the world.
12.Critical Thinking Strategies: making connections, making predictions,
ques- tioning, summarizing
13.Making predictions: use title and illustration on cover to predict what
a text will be about aids comprehension. Throughout reading,
predictions can be affirmed or revised.
14.Questioning: helps students make meaning of text being read.
Questions about text, author's intent etc.
15."Right there" questions (text explicit): literal questions. Answer in
the text itself.
16."Think and search" (text implicit): the answer is implicit in text.
Student must synthesize, infer, or summarize to find answer.
17."Reader and author" (implicit or experienced based): Reader must
combine own experience with what texts states.
18."On my own" (implicit or experienced based): Reader must generate
answer from prior knowledge.
19.Summarizing: to simply and concisely paraphrase what has been read
20.Reading Fluency: accuracy, automaticity, rate, prosody
21.Accuracy: ability to correctly read the words in a text
22.Automaticity: ability to instantly recognize a large bank of words
to quickly decode unfamiliar words.
23.Rate: speed of reading
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, 24.Prosody: ability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and
expression.
25.Reading Comprehension: Main idea, supporting details and facts,
author's purpose, fact and opinion, point of view, inference, visualize,
conclusion
26.Main idea: Determining the essential message of a reading selection.
27.Supporting details and facts: provides the reader with the vital info
needed to synthesize and summarize.
28.Author's purpose: Could be to explain, inform, persuade, or entertain.
29.Fact and opinion: Students should know difference when reading.
30.Point of view: Students should be able to identify which an
author is writing.
31.Inference: "Reading between the lines." Often includes merging what
is already known about topic to new information presented.
32.Visualize: Create mental pictures in one's mind.
33.Conclusion: The end or summation of a reading.
34.Facilitate student reading comprehension: activate prior knowledge,
sum- marize, self-monitoring, questioning, use of graphic and semantic
organizers, think alouds, recognizing story structure
35.Activate prior knowledge: Students must connect what they hear,
read, and view with what they already know. Can use Think-Pair-Share
technique to discuss previous knowledge with partner. Graphic
organizers (K-W-L charts) can elicit what students already know about
topic.
36.Summarize: Often included in a retelling of the selection. Think-
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Language Arts and Reading
1.The 5 Components of Reading: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocab- ulary, comprehension
2.Phonemic Awareness: The ability to hear and manipulate the sounds
of spoken language. Includes noticing rhyme and recognizing the
separate, small sounds in words (phonemes).
3.Phonics: The understanding of the relationships between the written
letters of the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language. This
knowledge allows a reader to "decode" words by translating the letters
into speech sounds.
4.Fluency: The ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper
expression.
5.Vocabulary: Includes all the words the reader can understand and use.
6.Comprehension: Ability to understand what one has read. Includes
recognizing main idea of article or able to compare and contrast
different characters.
7.Word Recognition: the student has ability to visually identify words in
isolation or context.
8.Phases of word recognition: pre-alphabetic, partial-alphabetic, full-
alphabetic, graphophonemic, and morphemic.
9.Text to self: the reader made a connection from the reading to own
personal life.
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18
,10.Text to text: the reader made a connection from the reading to
another book with similar writing style, theme, or topic.
11.Text to world: the reader made a connection from the reading to a
topic or an event that has taken place in the world.
12.Critical Thinking Strategies: making connections, making predictions,
ques- tioning, summarizing
13.Making predictions: use title and illustration on cover to predict what
a text will be about aids comprehension. Throughout reading,
predictions can be affirmed or revised.
14.Questioning: helps students make meaning of text being read.
Questions about text, author's intent etc.
15."Right there" questions (text explicit): literal questions. Answer in
the text itself.
16."Think and search" (text implicit): the answer is implicit in text.
Student must synthesize, infer, or summarize to find answer.
17."Reader and author" (implicit or experienced based): Reader must
combine own experience with what texts states.
18."On my own" (implicit or experienced based): Reader must generate
answer from prior knowledge.
19.Summarizing: to simply and concisely paraphrase what has been read
20.Reading Fluency: accuracy, automaticity, rate, prosody
21.Accuracy: ability to correctly read the words in a text
22.Automaticity: ability to instantly recognize a large bank of words
to quickly decode unfamiliar words.
23.Rate: speed of reading
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18
, 24.Prosody: ability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and
expression.
25.Reading Comprehension: Main idea, supporting details and facts,
author's purpose, fact and opinion, point of view, inference, visualize,
conclusion
26.Main idea: Determining the essential message of a reading selection.
27.Supporting details and facts: provides the reader with the vital info
needed to synthesize and summarize.
28.Author's purpose: Could be to explain, inform, persuade, or entertain.
29.Fact and opinion: Students should know difference when reading.
30.Point of view: Students should be able to identify which an
author is writing.
31.Inference: "Reading between the lines." Often includes merging what
is already known about topic to new information presented.
32.Visualize: Create mental pictures in one's mind.
33.Conclusion: The end or summation of a reading.
34.Facilitate student reading comprehension: activate prior knowledge,
sum- marize, self-monitoring, questioning, use of graphic and semantic
organizers, think alouds, recognizing story structure
35.Activate prior knowledge: Students must connect what they hear,
read, and view with what they already know. Can use Think-Pair-Share
technique to discuss previous knowledge with partner. Graphic
organizers (K-W-L charts) can elicit what students already know about
topic.
36.Summarize: Often included in a retelling of the selection. Think-
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