B test material - TCEQ Class B Surface Water
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Terms in this set (293)
What is the most It is the ability of the material to resist internal and
important factor affecting external corrosion
the useful life of service
lines?
When does Suction Head Suction head exists when the source of supply is
exist? above the centerline of the pump.
NPSH is the pressure under which water enters the
What is Net positive
eye of the impeller in a centrifugal pump. Insufficient
Suction Head (NPSH)
NPSH is the main cause of pump cavitation
Chlorine Dioxide is a gas used in small quantities to
disinfect water. It does not react with organics to form
THMs and HAAs. It oxidizes phenols, manganese,
iron, sulfurous and organic compounds which aids in
Explain and expand on
the removal of tastes and odors. It is a very effective
Chlorine Dioxide (what it
bactericide and a superior virocide. It dies not
reacts with, oxidizes, etc)
combine with ammonia. Chlorine Dioxide MRDL is .8
mg/L and monitoring procedures are the same as for
chlorine. The Chlorite MCL is .q mg/L and must be
monitored daily.
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The texas drinking water requirements require a pH >
What is texas drinking 7.0 for the water treatment plant finished water. EPA
water pH requirements? requires that pH analysis be preformed within 15
minutes of the sample being caught.
When chlorine is added to water it forms
hypochlorous acid (HOCL) and hydrochloric acid
(OCL). The hypochlorous acid is the effective
disinfectant. At a pH of 4.0 there is 100% hypochlorous
How does pH affect acid. At a pH of 11 there is 100% hypochlorite ion. At a
Chlorine activity? pH of 7, the hypochlorous acid is at about 80% and
the hypochlorite ion makes up about 20% of the
chlorine content. The lower the pH is more effective
chlorine is because you have more hypochlorous
acid.
Stable water is defined as water that will neither
deposit or dissolve a calcium carbonate film or scale.
Since no water is stable indefinitely, chemical
What is meant by water treatment of water usually is intended to produce
stability? water that is slightly scale forming without being liable
to cause stoppages in small lines and services. Bayliss
curve is the simplest determination of stability. The
Langelier saturation index is also used.
Corrosion protection for above ground tanks and
What/how are above
piping is prevented by: cathodic protection, use if
ground tanks and piping
protective linings/coatings, eliminating different types
protected from
of metals in the distribution system, and treating the
corrosion?
water with chemicals to make it less corrosive
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The two tritiation methods of analysis are a standard
acid to titrate a sample. The end point of the titration
is determined by the following: an indicator that
changes color at a certain pH, or potentiometric
titration to end - point pH. Using either of the
How do you tests fir
methods, a measured amount of sample is titrated
alkalinity?
with a standard sulfuric acid to a predetermined pH.
Nomograph are a graphical form of determining
alkalinity. If the pH, total alkalinity, temperature and
total dissolved solids are known, any or all of the
alkalinity forms may be estimated.
Turbidity can be described as a measure of the
relative clarity of water. Turbidity is an expression of
What is Turbidity? the optical property that causes light to be scattered
and absorbed rather than transmitted in straight lines
through the sample.
Turbidity is caused by clay, slit, finely divided organic
and inorganic material. Other suspended matter and
What causes Turbidity? microscopic organisms can also cause turbidity. There
is one approved method for running turbidity - the
Nephelometric Method (NTU)
The amount of chlorine used up to completely react
What is chlorine Demand?
with the water and its suspended or dissolve material
When all the demand of the water is met any
What is chlorine residual?
additional chlorine produces a chlorine residual
Demand plus residual is the chlorine dosage. Chlorine
What is chlorine dosage?
Dosage = Demand + Residual
Chlorine concentration and contact time determines
What determines rate of the rate and degree of disinfection. If concentration
disinfection? increases, the time can be reduced; if concentration is
reduced the time must be increased.
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Chlorine effectiveness is greater at higher
How does temperature
temperatures, up to the point that chlorine volatizes.
effect chlorine
At low temperature, chlorine is more stable, but
effectiveness?
disinfection time increases.
Turbidity must be removed to low levels by
Is removing turbidity
sedimentation and filtration to allow chlorine to
important for disinfection?
contact pathogens.
What happens to Dissolved solids are oxidized on contact further
dissolved solids on reinforcing the importance of contact time.
contact with chlorine?
No residual is formed until Manganese, iron, turbidity, organic matter, ammonia,
reducing agents are or nitrates
destroyed. What are
examples of reducing
agents?
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