and Controls 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Answers | A+ Score Assured
Define Thermal Energy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Energy associated with the
movement of molecules and measured as heat
Define Electrical Energy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Energy associated with the flow
of negatively charged electrons through a conductive medium.
Define Mechanical Energy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The sum of kinetic and
potential energy. Kinetic being the energy of motion, potential being stored
energy.
Define BTU - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Quantity of heat possessed by an object is
measured in BTU. It is the amount of heat required to raise temp of one
pound of pure water one degree F at sea level.
,What is the fundamental law of heat transfer? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔heat always
flows from an object that is warmer to an object that is cooler.
What are the three factors affecting amount and rate of heat flow through a
building envelope? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Total surface area
2. Temperature differences
3. Material properties.
What are the four factors uses to evaluate the materials that form a building
enevlope? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Thermal Conductivity
2. Thermal Conductance
3. Thermal Resistance
4. Overall Coefficient of heat transfer
What is thermal conductivity? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The measurement of a
materials ability to conduct heat.
What is thermal conductance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A measure of the rate of
heat flow through a material or air space.
What is thermal resistance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A materials ability to retard
heat flow.
,What is the overall coefficient of heat transfer? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Resistance value of all building materials, air spaces, including walls,
ceilings and surface air films.
What happens when heat is added to a substance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It's
molecular motion increases.
What is temperature? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The measurement of the intensity
of heat.
What does a BTU measure? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The quantity of heat.
What is sensible heat? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔heat that when added to or
removed from a substance it changes the temperature of the substance
What is specific heat? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The ratio of the temperature it
takes to raise the temperature of a substance 1 degree to the amount of
heat it takes to raise a pound of pure water 1 degree.
What is the formula for determining the amount of heat required to change
the temperature of a substance without changing the substances state? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Heat required in BTU - weight in LB X specific heat X temp
change in degrees F.
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, What is latent heat? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Heat that when added or removed
from a substance changes that substances state, but not its temperature.
What are the standard terms used to describe the change of a substance
from one state to another through the absorption or release of latent heat? -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔solid to liquid: melting
liquid to solid: fusion
liquid to gas: vaporization
gas to liquid: condensation
What are the three basic processes of heat transfer? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Conduction, Convection, Radiation
What is conduction? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Heat transfer through matter,
molecule to molecule, due to temp difference
What is convection? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Heat transfer through fluid, typically
air or water
What is radiation? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Heat transfer through electromagnetic
waves