N165 Week 6 Study Guide Notes (2025) –
Complete Verified Class Summary & Key
Concepts
Second key nursing action when abuse is suspected?
Report via phone/online portal (mandated reporting
Third key nursing action when abuse is suspected?
Be therapeutic, not investigative; involve the Child Protection Team
What structures make up the CNS?
Cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord
What structure set makes up the PNS?
Cranial nerves (plus peripheral nerves)
What are the two divisions of the ANS?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What percent of body weight is the brain at birth?
~12%
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When does brain weight approximately double?
By 1 year
When does brain weight approximately triple?
By 5-6 years
What does head circumference (HC) reflect?
Intracranial volume
Why is the infant skull more malleable?
Open sutures and fontanelles
What neural process is incomplete in infants?
Myelination
How do infant reflexes progress?
Primitive → postural (cephalocaudal)
State the Monro-Kellie component ratios.
~80% brain, 10% CSF, 10% blood
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What raises ICP per Monro-Kellie?
Added mass/edema/CSF or blood volume
What perfusion parameter does ↑ICP threaten?
Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
Child ↑ICP—name three early symptoms.
Headache, forceful emesis, seizures
Child ↑ICP—name two behavior changes
Drowsy/lethargy, decreased activity
Child ↑ICP—what simple command sign is concerning?
Inability to follow commands
Late ↑ICP—what is Cushing triad?
Bradycardia, irregular/↓ respirations, widened pulse pressure
Late ↑ICP—two ominous neuro signs
Posturing; dilated nonreactive pupil/anisocoria
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