ASU BIO 182 EXAM FINAL EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
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What are some advances in agriculture? - ANSWER--
Breeding superior plants
-Increased use of irrigation
-Use of chemical fertilizers
-Use of chemical pesticides
How is energy transferred through the food pyramid? -
ANSWER-Decomposer -> primary producer -> primary
consumer -> secondary consumer -> tertiary consumer
What is a trophic level? - ANSWER--"Feeding" level,
organisms that obtain energy from the same type of
source
What is biomagnification? - ANSWER--Some pesticides
aren't broken down and become more concentrated at
each trophic level
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What does NPP mean and how much is being used by
humans? - ANSWER--Net Primary Productivity = total
amount of chemical energy supplied by plants
-Humans use 24% of Earth's NPP
What are some reasons the birth rate has declined in the
last 50 years? - ANSWER--Women choosing to have less
children
-Regions with lowest birthrates have the most abundant
resources and education of women is encouraged
What is demographic transition? - ANSWER--The
transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and
death rates
What are density dependent factors? - ANSWER--
Predation, disease, competition between species (usually
biotic)
What is carrying capacity? - ANSWER--The maximum
population that can be supported indefinitely in an
environment
-Birth rate = death rate
-(K)
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What is exponential growth and when does it occur in
nature? - ANSWER--Exponential growth is positive growth
-Observed in 2 circumstances: a few individuals found a
new population in a new habitat, or a population has been
devastated by a catastrophe and begins to recover,
starting with a few surviving individuals
What are some density-independent factors? - ANSWER--
Change is not dependent on the # of individuals in the
population
-Variations in weather patterns, etc. (usually abiotic)
What are survivorship curves? - ANSWER--Type 1:
Survivorship throughout life is high, most individuals reach
their max. life span (humans)
-Type 2: Most individuals experience constant survivorship
over their lifetimes
-Type 3: Result from high death rates early in life, with
high survivorship after maturity (many plants)
What is life history? - ANSWER--Record of major events
relating to its growth, development, reproduction, and
survival