FCLE Florida Civic Literacy Exam A+ Pass 100% Solved Guarantee Pass

FCLE Florida Civic Literacy Exam A+ Pass 100% Solved Guarantee Pass Brown V. Board - Answer- 1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. McCulloch v. Maryland - Answer- 1819 Supreme Court case that established Congress's "implied powers" that the Federal Gov't had the right and power to set up a bank and states can't tax the Federal Gov't Gibbons v. Ogden - Answer- Supreme Court ruling (1824) establishing national authority over interstate business Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier - Answer- 1988 Supreme Court case holding that the school newspaper written by students could be censored by the school administration. Student speech can be censored if it interferes with the school's educational mission. This case placed limits on first amendment speech. Gideon v. Wainwright - Answer- 1963 ruling that a defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot afford one. Plessy v. Ferguson - Answer- 1896 ruling that separate but equal facilities for different races were not unconstitutional. Schenck v. US - Answer- 1919; conviction of a socialist who had urged young men to resist the draft during WW1. Justice Holmes declared that gov't can limit speech if the speech provokes a "clear and present danger" of substantive evils. US v. Nixon - Answer- The 1974 case in which the Supreme Court unanimously held that the doctrine of executive privilege was implicit in the Constitution but could not be extended to protect documents relevant to criminal prosecutions. District of Columbia v. Heller - Answer- 2008 Court held that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia, and to use that firearm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self- defense within the home. Roe v. Wade - Answer- The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester. Northwest Ordinance - Answer- Enacted in 1787, it established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states Alien and Sedition Acts - Answer- Series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants Judiciary Act of 1789 - Answer- legislation passed by Congress that created the federal court system Land Act of 1800, 1804 - Answer- established rules for purchasing land Judiciary act of 1801 - Answer- a law that increased the number of federal judges, allowing President John Adams to fill most of the new posts with Federalists Indian removal act - Answer- Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. The treaties enacted under this act's provisions paved the way for the reluctant—and often forcible—emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West. Missouri compromise - Answer- 1820 law passed by Congress balancing the admission of Missouri as a slave state with the admission of Maine as a free state, and setting a line across western territories at 36°30′ north latitude, dividing future free and slave states Kansas-Nebraska Act - Answer- 1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. Compromise of 1850 - Answer- (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas Homestead act - Answer- 1862 law that gave 160 acres of land to citizens willing to live on and cultivate it for five years Civil rights act of 1866 - Answer- law that established federal guarantees of civil rights for all citizens Chinese exclusion act - Answer- 1882 law that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers Selective service act - Answer- act passed by Congress in 1917 authorizing a draft of men for military service Espionage act - Answer- This law, passed after the United States entered WWI, imposed sentences of up to twenty years on anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment of soldiers, or encouraging disloyalty. It allowed the postmaster general to remove from the mail any materials that incited treason or insurrection. 1917 law Sedition act - Answer- 1918 law that made it illegal to criticize the government New Deal legislation - Answer- Policies for economic improvement introduced in 1933 by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt as a result of the Great Depression, which promised to put Americans back to work. Neutrality acts - Answer- Originally designed to avoid American involvement in World War II by preventing loans to those countries taking part in the conflict; they were later modified in 1939 to allow aid to Great Britain and other Allied nations. Lend-lease act - Answer- allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.S