HESI Exit Exam COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!! 2025-2026
five-step systematic method for giving patient care;
involves :
-assessing
-diagnosing
Nursing Process -planning
-implementing
-evaluating
*these cant be delegated from the RN!
deciding which needs or problems require immediate
action and which ones could tolerate a delay in action
until a later time because they are not urgent
prioritizing
-which client is most critically ill/unstable?
-which client is most likely to experience a significant
change in condition?
-which client requires assessment by an rn?
who should not be placed a client with an infection should not be in a surgical or
in a room with who? immunocompromised patient
unfreezing: initiation of change
Lewin's Change Theory moving: motivation/moving toward the change
refreezing: implementation of a change
the medical screening of patients to determine their
Triage relative priority of need and the proper place of
treatment
, Red--Most urgent, first priority. Life-threatening
injuries. No delay in treatment.
Yellow--Urgent, second priority. Injuries with systemic
effects and complications. May delay treatment for
30-60 min.
Triage Color Code System
Green--Third priority. Minimal injuries with no systemic
complications. Delay tx several hours.
Black--Dying or dead. Catastrophic injuries. No hope
for survival, no hope for treatment
respiratory insufficiency marked by progressive
hypoxia
acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS)
--fluid builds up in the alveoli and interferes with the
exchange of co2 and o2 in the capillary beds
direct: pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, aspiration
gastric contents, near drowning, lung bruising from
Causes of ARDS (direct vs trauma
indirect)
indirect: inflammation of pancreas, medication
reactions, overdose, sepsis, blood transfusions
-hx of smoking
-alcohol abuse
-chemo
risk factors for ARDS -o2 use
-high risk surgery
-obesity
-decreased protein in blood
, -Resp/metabolic acid imbalance
-Multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome
-Renal failure
-Disseminated intravascular coagulation
ARDS complications
-Long-term pulmonary effects associated with high
oxygen and other therapies
-Lung damage
-Oxygen dependent
-hypoxemia w/ 100% o2
-decreased pulmonary compliance
s/s of ARDS -dyspnea
-non-cardiac associated bilateral pulmonary edema
-dense pulmonary infiltrates on radiography
-lung sound NORMAL on auscultation!
-dyspnea
-hyperpnea
-crackles/rales
-wheezing
-decreased breath sounds
-retractions
-cyanosis
ARDS assessment
-mottled skin
-hypoxemia
-diminished breath sounds
-diffuse pulmonary infiltates (white outs)
-anxiety
-restlessness
-confusion
-agitation
, -position client for maximal lung expansion
-monitor for hypoxemia and o2 tox
-have pt move around
-monitor loc
-urinary output
ARDS nursing -apical and bp
interventions -breathsounds
-emotional support
-ventilator
-f&e
-hemodynamic monitoring
-abgs
elevate hob 30 degrees
how to pv VAP sedation vacation
oral hygiene
no p waves w/ st myocardial hypoxemia
elevations indicate:
pH 7.35-7.45
ABG values [pH, PCO2,
PCO2 35-45
HCO3]
HCO3 21-28
asthma
what causes decrease in anemia
o2? respiratory distress syndrome
lung cancer
pneumonia
asthma
what causes high paco2? copd
anesthesia
opiods
hyperventilation
what causes low paco2?
resp alkalosis
what causes high hco3? resp acidosis
what causes low hco3? resp alkalosis
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!! 2025-2026
five-step systematic method for giving patient care;
involves :
-assessing
-diagnosing
Nursing Process -planning
-implementing
-evaluating
*these cant be delegated from the RN!
deciding which needs or problems require immediate
action and which ones could tolerate a delay in action
until a later time because they are not urgent
prioritizing
-which client is most critically ill/unstable?
-which client is most likely to experience a significant
change in condition?
-which client requires assessment by an rn?
who should not be placed a client with an infection should not be in a surgical or
in a room with who? immunocompromised patient
unfreezing: initiation of change
Lewin's Change Theory moving: motivation/moving toward the change
refreezing: implementation of a change
the medical screening of patients to determine their
Triage relative priority of need and the proper place of
treatment
, Red--Most urgent, first priority. Life-threatening
injuries. No delay in treatment.
Yellow--Urgent, second priority. Injuries with systemic
effects and complications. May delay treatment for
30-60 min.
Triage Color Code System
Green--Third priority. Minimal injuries with no systemic
complications. Delay tx several hours.
Black--Dying or dead. Catastrophic injuries. No hope
for survival, no hope for treatment
respiratory insufficiency marked by progressive
hypoxia
acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS)
--fluid builds up in the alveoli and interferes with the
exchange of co2 and o2 in the capillary beds
direct: pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, aspiration
gastric contents, near drowning, lung bruising from
Causes of ARDS (direct vs trauma
indirect)
indirect: inflammation of pancreas, medication
reactions, overdose, sepsis, blood transfusions
-hx of smoking
-alcohol abuse
-chemo
risk factors for ARDS -o2 use
-high risk surgery
-obesity
-decreased protein in blood
, -Resp/metabolic acid imbalance
-Multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome
-Renal failure
-Disseminated intravascular coagulation
ARDS complications
-Long-term pulmonary effects associated with high
oxygen and other therapies
-Lung damage
-Oxygen dependent
-hypoxemia w/ 100% o2
-decreased pulmonary compliance
s/s of ARDS -dyspnea
-non-cardiac associated bilateral pulmonary edema
-dense pulmonary infiltrates on radiography
-lung sound NORMAL on auscultation!
-dyspnea
-hyperpnea
-crackles/rales
-wheezing
-decreased breath sounds
-retractions
-cyanosis
ARDS assessment
-mottled skin
-hypoxemia
-diminished breath sounds
-diffuse pulmonary infiltates (white outs)
-anxiety
-restlessness
-confusion
-agitation
, -position client for maximal lung expansion
-monitor for hypoxemia and o2 tox
-have pt move around
-monitor loc
-urinary output
ARDS nursing -apical and bp
interventions -breathsounds
-emotional support
-ventilator
-f&e
-hemodynamic monitoring
-abgs
elevate hob 30 degrees
how to pv VAP sedation vacation
oral hygiene
no p waves w/ st myocardial hypoxemia
elevations indicate:
pH 7.35-7.45
ABG values [pH, PCO2,
PCO2 35-45
HCO3]
HCO3 21-28
asthma
what causes decrease in anemia
o2? respiratory distress syndrome
lung cancer
pneumonia
asthma
what causes high paco2? copd
anesthesia
opiods
hyperventilation
what causes low paco2?
resp alkalosis
what causes high hco3? resp acidosis
what causes low hco3? resp alkalosis
