Child Development Final Exam Quiz Questions and Answers Graded A+!!!

Which one of the following statements reflects what developmentalists mean by the term maturation? - ANS A. Changes related specifically to children's physical development B. Changes related specifically to children's emotional development C. Changes that reflect increasingly appropriate social behavior D. Developmental changes that are controlled largely by heredity D A sensitive period in development can best be described as: - ANS A. An approach to teaching or parenting that takes a child's developmental level into account B. A stage of development in which children display unpredictable (and often inappropriate) emotional responses C. An age range during which environmental conditions are most likely to have an effect on a particular aspect of a child's development D. A period during children's cognitive development in which they are highly distractible and so are frequently off task in the classroom C The concept of universality in development refers to: - ANS A. Developmental progressions shared by virtually all human beings B. Developmental progressions that differ from one individual to another C. A feeling of "oneness" with the earth that many children have in early childhood D. Differences among children that can be traced to a particular historical era or to unique cultural events A Which one of the following best illustrates a qualitative (rather than quantitative) change in development? - ANS A. Between ages 11 and 13, Bunny grew 4 inches taller and gained 15 pounds. B. After attending last night's concert, Penny changed her mind about who her favorite band is. C. Micha used to be puzzled by statements such as "Look before you leap" but now understands their underlying meanings. D. Mason has a much larger vocabulary than he did last year. C Dr. Penrose is studying the reflexes that infants exhibit at or shortly after birth. He speculates about the ways in which these reflexes might be, or perhaps were at one time, important for infants' survival. Dr. Penrose's approach illustrates which one of the following theoretical perspectives? - ANS A. Biological B. Behaviorist C. Sociocultural D. Developmental systems A If we take a developmental systems approach in looking at the effects of formal education on children's development, we must conclude that the quality of children's classroom experiences is influenced: - ANS A. Primarily by what teachers do in the classroom B. Primarily by how children think about classroom material C. Both by classroom events and by what children themselves do D. Largely by things that have happened to children in the past C Three of the following statements describe ethical practices in developmental research. Which one does not? - ANS A. Children participate in studies voluntarily, and only with their parents' consent. B. Researchers put the welfare of participants ahead of any desire to learn new information about child development. C. Researchers can publish data about specific participants in local newspapers if the descriptions are flattering ones. D. Researchers inform participants' families about the results and conclusions of their research. C Dr. Kim has noticed that many 4-year-olds are very kind and caring toward their younger siblings. She wants to find out if 4-year-olds who are especially kind at home are equally kind and caring with their preschool classmates. Which data collection technique would be most useful for this purpose? - ANS A. Interviews B. A paper-pencil test C. One or more physiological measures D. Observation D If we say that a particular data collection method has high reliability, we mean that it: - ANS A. Yields scores that fall on a bell curve B. Yields similar results on different occasions C. Predicts future success in academic or social settings D. Accurately determines whether children have met certain predetermined developmental goals B Imagine that a researcher finds that, on average, students who weigh more are better athletes. Which one of the following is an appropriate conclusion from this information? - ANS A. Parents should feed their children as much as possible. B. The school cafeteria should decrease the fat content of the food it serves. C. On average, students who eat more become stronger and more agile. D. There is a correlation between weight and athletic performance. D Culture has a pervasive influence on child development. Which one of the following best describes the general nature of a culture? - ANS A. The behaviors and beliefs that characterize a social group B. A group of people who live in the same geographical region C. A group of people who share the same religious background D. The art and artifacts associated with a social group A A community contributes to children's development in three of the following ways. Which one of the following aspects of a community is least likely to have an impact on children's development? - ANS A. A community provides recreational activities. B. A community has definite geographical boundaries. C. A community communicates information about what behaviors are acceptable. D. A community offers support services that assist parents in their parenting efforts. B Which one of the following examples involving young adolescents reflects an authoritarian parenting style? - ANS A. Kelly's parents are very involved in their own lives and problems and do not provide Kelly with much affection or emotional support. B. Fern's parents allow her generous leeway in terms of bedtimes, curfews, and choice of friends. C. Henry's parents have high expectations for him but often ask him for his opinion when they set guidelines for acceptable behavior. D. Molly's parents are very strict, letting her know their high expectations and imposing strong penalties for failing or breaking their rules. D The Tanaka family emigrated from Japan to the United States 25 years ago. Although they maintain the religious and cultural traditions of their homeland, they also show great enthusiasm for eating Thanksgiving dinner and hanging stockings for Santa Claus to fill at Christmas. This form of acculturation is known as: - ANS A. Rejection B. Assimilation C. Accommodation D. Selective adoption D Human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. Within each pair: - ANS A. Both chromosomes are inherited from the same-sex parent B. Both chromosomes are inherited from the opposite-sex parent C. One chromosome is inherited from the mother and the other from the father D. One chromosome is inherited from the mother and the other may come from either the mother or the father