SOC 300 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS.
1 of 41
Term
"Debating with the ghost of Marx"
Give this one a try later!
1) Social development of self - self arises in the child's social experience, using
language and symbols
2)The self as Object - the self is reflexive (we can get outside of our own and to
perceive ourselves through the perceptions of others)
3)The I and the Me provide balance - I is the creative, impulsive part of Self that
changes the world around. Me is the judgemental, controlling part of self that
,has been imprinted by the world around
4) Even thinking is social - because thinking uses words and symbols
5) I think before I act. Individuals react to stimuli. Before acting, individuals
consider the socially defined meaning of both the stimulus and their potential
responses.
ALL FORMS OF STRATIFICATION
Class: Those with the same situation in relationship to the labor or commodities
market (capitalists, property owners, laborers, patent holders). A class will only
take action under certain cultural conditions and if the class members recognize
their economic situation and its consequences.
Status: A group whose members share a characteristic or lifestyle that is
honored or dishonored in society (for example, ethnic groups)
Party: A self-selected group that seeks to influence a particular social issue or
action. The party will have a specific program aimed at causing a particular
action.
Usually added on to Marx, not just argued against his ghost.
Marx said exploitation/domination was bad. Weber said the domination isn't
always bad, for example, law enforcement.
Marx says that economy drives society. Weber says that that economics is a
switcher but religion also drives it.
Marx says that revolt is inevitable because of class consciousness. Weber
says that class really has to be conscious about it.
Marx was all about laws laws laws and observe observe observe people.
Weber says that we should study people by groups. Not everything is
unique but not everything is the same. Broke them up into groups called
"ideal types" that can be described based on their outstanding
characteristics
, Berger: Sociology is a passionate curiosity -- disciplined by scientific
methodology -- about the interactions of people (physics envy -- disciplined by
scientific method)
Mills: Sociology studies the intersection of biography and history (where the
individual troubles intersect with social issues - particularly where there are
things outside of us that influence us in ways we can't control). Thought about
the social imagination: The relationship between the individual and society and
how they affect each other.
McGinn: How the group is powerful in various situations. How does a group
exert power over its members. How does one group exert power over another.
How does a group exert power over their society.
Don't know?
2 of 41
Term
What can be gained from a greater identification with humanities?
(Mayer Zald Article)
Give this one a try later!
WEBER SAYS THAT BUREAUCRACY IS NECESSARY FOR DEMOCRACY TO
FUNCTION
Bureaucracy pertains to both private and public sectors - exemplified
disenchantment and rationalization - work hard and smart, lets be more efficient
by being more bureaucratic. However this causes disenchantment as well as
irrational rationality.
Bureaucracy is characterized by:
1) Set areas of control organized by laws or authority
2)Defined hierarchy
3) Management based upon written records
, Bureaucracy is a result of economic differences being leveled. Always
accompanies "mass democracy" where we need authority to produce legal
equity for all. Supports democracy by leveling differences among the governed.
However democracy is control by the people, while bureaucracy produces an
autocracy of those at the top.
Without the cross civilization perspective of the humanities, we have
tended to draw our assumptions from contemporary western civilization.
Two ways to enhance sociology by connecting to the humanities mode of
thought:
1) Tie to the grand questions and interpretations of the classic authors
2)Draw upon the literature (knowledge bases) of those disciplines
This changes the way graduate students are trained (have to think about the
cross between sociology and humanities). Also helps to understand
sociology itself as a cultural reality and understand the historic emergence
of concepts
Production drives all other material endeavors -> These material endeavors
precede and drive ideas. The ideas of the ruling class are the ruling ideas.
Society is a set of cooperative arrangements required by production. The
government is needed in order to preserve the cooperative arrangements of
production (protecting property, bailing out big companies). Revolution
proceeds NOT from ideas, but from a specific set of material circumstances.
Religion numbs the oppressed workers, everything exists to serve the
bourgeoisie.
Blumer emphasized that people lend meaning to things and control how they
experience the world, not just at mercy of larger society.
Symbolic interaction: individuals have a self and are intentional. Social behaviors
are based on individuals interpretation of the situation. Sociology is studying
the process of interpretation by which people determine their actions
CORRECT ANSWERS.
1 of 41
Term
"Debating with the ghost of Marx"
Give this one a try later!
1) Social development of self - self arises in the child's social experience, using
language and symbols
2)The self as Object - the self is reflexive (we can get outside of our own and to
perceive ourselves through the perceptions of others)
3)The I and the Me provide balance - I is the creative, impulsive part of Self that
changes the world around. Me is the judgemental, controlling part of self that
,has been imprinted by the world around
4) Even thinking is social - because thinking uses words and symbols
5) I think before I act. Individuals react to stimuli. Before acting, individuals
consider the socially defined meaning of both the stimulus and their potential
responses.
ALL FORMS OF STRATIFICATION
Class: Those with the same situation in relationship to the labor or commodities
market (capitalists, property owners, laborers, patent holders). A class will only
take action under certain cultural conditions and if the class members recognize
their economic situation and its consequences.
Status: A group whose members share a characteristic or lifestyle that is
honored or dishonored in society (for example, ethnic groups)
Party: A self-selected group that seeks to influence a particular social issue or
action. The party will have a specific program aimed at causing a particular
action.
Usually added on to Marx, not just argued against his ghost.
Marx said exploitation/domination was bad. Weber said the domination isn't
always bad, for example, law enforcement.
Marx says that economy drives society. Weber says that that economics is a
switcher but religion also drives it.
Marx says that revolt is inevitable because of class consciousness. Weber
says that class really has to be conscious about it.
Marx was all about laws laws laws and observe observe observe people.
Weber says that we should study people by groups. Not everything is
unique but not everything is the same. Broke them up into groups called
"ideal types" that can be described based on their outstanding
characteristics
, Berger: Sociology is a passionate curiosity -- disciplined by scientific
methodology -- about the interactions of people (physics envy -- disciplined by
scientific method)
Mills: Sociology studies the intersection of biography and history (where the
individual troubles intersect with social issues - particularly where there are
things outside of us that influence us in ways we can't control). Thought about
the social imagination: The relationship between the individual and society and
how they affect each other.
McGinn: How the group is powerful in various situations. How does a group
exert power over its members. How does one group exert power over another.
How does a group exert power over their society.
Don't know?
2 of 41
Term
What can be gained from a greater identification with humanities?
(Mayer Zald Article)
Give this one a try later!
WEBER SAYS THAT BUREAUCRACY IS NECESSARY FOR DEMOCRACY TO
FUNCTION
Bureaucracy pertains to both private and public sectors - exemplified
disenchantment and rationalization - work hard and smart, lets be more efficient
by being more bureaucratic. However this causes disenchantment as well as
irrational rationality.
Bureaucracy is characterized by:
1) Set areas of control organized by laws or authority
2)Defined hierarchy
3) Management based upon written records
, Bureaucracy is a result of economic differences being leveled. Always
accompanies "mass democracy" where we need authority to produce legal
equity for all. Supports democracy by leveling differences among the governed.
However democracy is control by the people, while bureaucracy produces an
autocracy of those at the top.
Without the cross civilization perspective of the humanities, we have
tended to draw our assumptions from contemporary western civilization.
Two ways to enhance sociology by connecting to the humanities mode of
thought:
1) Tie to the grand questions and interpretations of the classic authors
2)Draw upon the literature (knowledge bases) of those disciplines
This changes the way graduate students are trained (have to think about the
cross between sociology and humanities). Also helps to understand
sociology itself as a cultural reality and understand the historic emergence
of concepts
Production drives all other material endeavors -> These material endeavors
precede and drive ideas. The ideas of the ruling class are the ruling ideas.
Society is a set of cooperative arrangements required by production. The
government is needed in order to preserve the cooperative arrangements of
production (protecting property, bailing out big companies). Revolution
proceeds NOT from ideas, but from a specific set of material circumstances.
Religion numbs the oppressed workers, everything exists to serve the
bourgeoisie.
Blumer emphasized that people lend meaning to things and control how they
experience the world, not just at mercy of larger society.
Symbolic interaction: individuals have a self and are intentional. Social behaviors
are based on individuals interpretation of the situation. Sociology is studying
the process of interpretation by which people determine their actions
