NURS 209 Practice Questions HESI (PATHO BOOK)
A decrease in workload, use, B. pathologic atrophy.
pressure, or blood supply
appropriately describes: Pathologic atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to
A. physiologic atrophy. decreased use. Physiologic atrophy usually occurs early in
B. pathologic atrophy. development; for example, the thymus gland atrophies
C. hypertrophy. during childhood. Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size.
D. hyperplasia.
Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells.
The appropriate term for the A. metaplasia.
reversible replacement of one
mature cell by another is: The term metaplasia refers to one cell type being
A. metaplasia. replaced by another. Hyperplasia is an increase in the
B. hyperplasia. number of cells, not a change in their type. Dysplasia, also
C. dysplasia. referred to as atypical hyperplasia, refers to abnormal
D. atypical hyperplasia. changes in the size, shape, and organization of cells.
C. lead.
The ability to increase
intracellular calcium
Lead is able to increase intracellular calcium concentrations
concentrations and affect the
and may also become a calcium substitute. It affects the
nervous and hematopoietic
hematopoietic system. It is often found in paint, dirt, and
systems is a characteristic of:
pottery. Carbon tetrachloride, formerly used in dry cleaning,
A. carbon monoxide.
B. carbon tetrachloride. is converted into a highly toxic free radical that damages the
C. lead. liver. Carbon monoxide is an asphyxiate gas that interrupts
D. mercury. respiration. Mercury is a heavy metal and can worsen chronic
diseases like Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis.
,A patient with a collection of A. epidural hematoma.
blood that is located between
the skull and the dura is An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the
diagnosed with a condition inner surface of the skull and the dura. A subdural
referred to as a(n): hematoma is a collection of blood between the surface of
A. epidural hematoma. the dura and the brain. A contusion is a bruise or bleeding
B. contusion. into the skin and underlying tissue. Abrasion is a scrape
C. subdural hematoma. caused by removal of the superficial layers of the skin.
D. abrasion.
C. laceration.
A tear or rip of the skin with a
jagged and irregular edge is
Lacerations occur when the tensile strength of the skin is
described as a(n):
exceeded. An incision is a precise cut with an instrument that
A. abrasion.
B. incision. leaves regular clean edges. In a laceration, edges are often
C. laceration. jagged and irregular. An abrasion results from the removal of
D. avulsion. the superficial layers of the skin caused by friction between
the skin and the injuring object. An avulsion is an injury in
which an area of tissue is pulled away, creating a flap.
A characteristic of a stab wound A. the injury is deeper than it is long.
includes:
A. the injury is deeper than it is The injury is deeper than it is long. There is little crush injury
long.
because the object used is sharp and it makes a clean
B. the injury is longer than it is
deep. entrance. An injury that is longer than it is deep is
C. there is a broken bone. considered an incised wound. A broken bone is a
D. there is significant crush injury. fracture.
D. tattooing.
The appropriate term for
fragments of burning or
Tattooing results from fragments of burning or unburned
unburned pieces of gunpowder
pieces of gunpowder exiting the barrel and striking the skin
that are embedded in the
surface with enough force to be driven into the epidermis.
epidermis is:
Stippling results when fragments of gunpowder strike the
A. exit wound.
B. stippling. skin with enough force to abrade the skin but not actually
C. blowback. penetrate the surface. An exit wound is where the bullet
D. tattooing. exits the body. Blowback is disruption of the tissues resulting
in large, gaping, and jagged appearance to the wound.
A. Suffocation
Which term describes oxygen
failing to reach the blood? Suffocation occurs when oxygen fails to reach the blood.
A. Suffocation It is a subgroup of asphyxial injuries. Strangulation is
B. Strangulation caused by compression and closure of the blood vessels and
C. Drowning air passages by external pressure on the neck. Drowning
D. Petechiae occurs when water or fluid alters delivery of oxygen.
Petechiae are found on the neck of a victim who is strangled.
, It is the result of compression of soft tissue and the breakage
of blood vessels.
The pigment that is correctly A. melanin-brown-black.
paired with its color is:
A. melanin-brown-black. Melanin is brown-black pigment. This is what causes a
B. hemosiderin-green-black. suntan. Hemosiderin is a yellow-brown pigment and is
C. blue nevus-brown-black. derived from hemoglobin. Blue nevus is a benign mole that
D. bilirubin-yellow-brown. is dark blue-black in color. Bilirubin is yellow-green in color
and is derived from bile.
The appropriate term to D. karyolysis.
identify the nuclear dissolution
and destruction of chromatin Karyolysis is the nuclear dissolution and lysis of chromatin.
by action of hydrolytic Autolysis is a term for autodigestion. In pyknosis, the nucleus
enzymes is: shrinks and becomes a small, dense mass of genetic material.
A. autolysis. Karyorrhexis means fragmentation of the nucleus into
B. pyknosis. smaller particles, or "nuclear dust."
C. karyorrhexis.
D. karyolysis.
A decrease in workload, use, B. pathologic atrophy.
pressure, or blood supply
appropriately describes: Pathologic atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to
A. physiologic atrophy. decreased use. Physiologic atrophy usually occurs early in
B. pathologic atrophy. development; for example, the thymus gland atrophies
C. hypertrophy. during childhood. Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size.
D. hyperplasia.
Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells.
The appropriate term for the A. metaplasia.
reversible replacement of one
mature cell by another is: The term metaplasia refers to one cell type being
A. metaplasia. replaced by another. Hyperplasia is an increase in the
B. hyperplasia. number of cells, not a change in their type. Dysplasia, also
C. dysplasia. referred to as atypical hyperplasia, refers to abnormal
D. atypical hyperplasia. changes in the size, shape, and organization of cells.
C. lead.
The ability to increase
intracellular calcium
Lead is able to increase intracellular calcium concentrations
concentrations and affect the
and may also become a calcium substitute. It affects the
nervous and hematopoietic
hematopoietic system. It is often found in paint, dirt, and
systems is a characteristic of:
pottery. Carbon tetrachloride, formerly used in dry cleaning,
A. carbon monoxide.
B. carbon tetrachloride. is converted into a highly toxic free radical that damages the
C. lead. liver. Carbon monoxide is an asphyxiate gas that interrupts
D. mercury. respiration. Mercury is a heavy metal and can worsen chronic
diseases like Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis.
,A patient with a collection of A. epidural hematoma.
blood that is located between
the skull and the dura is An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the
diagnosed with a condition inner surface of the skull and the dura. A subdural
referred to as a(n): hematoma is a collection of blood between the surface of
A. epidural hematoma. the dura and the brain. A contusion is a bruise or bleeding
B. contusion. into the skin and underlying tissue. Abrasion is a scrape
C. subdural hematoma. caused by removal of the superficial layers of the skin.
D. abrasion.
C. laceration.
A tear or rip of the skin with a
jagged and irregular edge is
Lacerations occur when the tensile strength of the skin is
described as a(n):
exceeded. An incision is a precise cut with an instrument that
A. abrasion.
B. incision. leaves regular clean edges. In a laceration, edges are often
C. laceration. jagged and irregular. An abrasion results from the removal of
D. avulsion. the superficial layers of the skin caused by friction between
the skin and the injuring object. An avulsion is an injury in
which an area of tissue is pulled away, creating a flap.
A characteristic of a stab wound A. the injury is deeper than it is long.
includes:
A. the injury is deeper than it is The injury is deeper than it is long. There is little crush injury
long.
because the object used is sharp and it makes a clean
B. the injury is longer than it is
deep. entrance. An injury that is longer than it is deep is
C. there is a broken bone. considered an incised wound. A broken bone is a
D. there is significant crush injury. fracture.
D. tattooing.
The appropriate term for
fragments of burning or
Tattooing results from fragments of burning or unburned
unburned pieces of gunpowder
pieces of gunpowder exiting the barrel and striking the skin
that are embedded in the
surface with enough force to be driven into the epidermis.
epidermis is:
Stippling results when fragments of gunpowder strike the
A. exit wound.
B. stippling. skin with enough force to abrade the skin but not actually
C. blowback. penetrate the surface. An exit wound is where the bullet
D. tattooing. exits the body. Blowback is disruption of the tissues resulting
in large, gaping, and jagged appearance to the wound.
A. Suffocation
Which term describes oxygen
failing to reach the blood? Suffocation occurs when oxygen fails to reach the blood.
A. Suffocation It is a subgroup of asphyxial injuries. Strangulation is
B. Strangulation caused by compression and closure of the blood vessels and
C. Drowning air passages by external pressure on the neck. Drowning
D. Petechiae occurs when water or fluid alters delivery of oxygen.
Petechiae are found on the neck of a victim who is strangled.
, It is the result of compression of soft tissue and the breakage
of blood vessels.
The pigment that is correctly A. melanin-brown-black.
paired with its color is:
A. melanin-brown-black. Melanin is brown-black pigment. This is what causes a
B. hemosiderin-green-black. suntan. Hemosiderin is a yellow-brown pigment and is
C. blue nevus-brown-black. derived from hemoglobin. Blue nevus is a benign mole that
D. bilirubin-yellow-brown. is dark blue-black in color. Bilirubin is yellow-green in color
and is derived from bile.
The appropriate term to D. karyolysis.
identify the nuclear dissolution
and destruction of chromatin Karyolysis is the nuclear dissolution and lysis of chromatin.
by action of hydrolytic Autolysis is a term for autodigestion. In pyknosis, the nucleus
enzymes is: shrinks and becomes a small, dense mass of genetic material.
A. autolysis. Karyorrhexis means fragmentation of the nucleus into
B. pyknosis. smaller particles, or "nuclear dust."
C. karyorrhexis.
D. karyolysis.
