Wong Ch. 14 Health Promotion of School-Age Children Review
Questions with Answers
The nurse is teaching a group of 10- to 12-year-old children about physical development
during the school-age years. Which statement made by a participant, indicates the correct
understanding of the teaching?
a. "My body weight will be almost triple in the next few years."
b. "I will grow an average of 2 inches per year from this point on."
c. "There are not that many physical differences among school-age children."
d. "I will have a gradual increase in fat, which may contribute to a heavier appearance." -
Correct Answer ANS: B
In middle childhood, growth in height and weight occurs at a slower pace. Between the
ages of 6 and 12 years, children grow 2 inches per year. In middle childhood, children's
weight will almost double; they gain 3 kg/year. At the end of middle childhood, girls grow
taller and gain more weight than boys. Children take on a slimmer look with longer legs in
middle childhood.
Generally, the earliest age at which puberty begins is _____ years in girls, _____ in boys.
a. 13; 13
b. 11; 11
c. 10; 12
d. 12; 10 - Correct Answer ANS: C
Puberty signals the beginning of the development of secondary sex characteristics. This
begins earlier in girls than in boys. Usually a 2-year difference occurs in the age of onset.
Girls and boys do not usually begin puberty at the same age. Girls generally begin puberty
2 years earlier than boys.
Which describes the cognitive abilities of school-age children?
a. Have developed the ability to reason abstractly
b. Are capable of scientific reasoning and formal logic
c. Progress from making judgments based on what they reason to making judgments
based on what they see
d. Are able to classify, to group and sort, and to hold a concept in their minds while making
decisions based on that concept - Correct Answer ANS: D
In Piaget's stage of concrete operations, children have the ability to group and sort and
make conceptual decisions. Children cannot reason abstractly and logically until late
adolescence. Making judgments based on what they reason to making judgments based
on what they see is not a developmental skill.
,The parents of 9-year-old twin children tell the nurse, They have filled up their bedroom
with collections of rocks, shells, stamps, and bird nests. The nurse should recognize that
this is which?
a. Indicative of giftedness
b. Indicative of typical twin behavior
c. Characteristic of cognitive development at this age
d. Characteristic of psychosocial development at this age - Correct Answer ANS: C
Classification skills involve the ability to group objects according to the attributes they have
in common. School-age children can place things in a sensible and logical order, group
and sort, and hold a concept in their mind while they make decisions based on that
concept. Individuals who are not twins engage in classification at this age. Psychosocial
behavior at this age is described according to Eriksons stage of industry versus inferiority.
Which describes moral development in younger school-age children?
a. The standards of behavior now come from within themselves.
b. They do not yet experience a sense of guilt when they misbehave.
c. They know the rules and behaviors expected of them but do not understand the reasons
behind them.
d. They no longer interpret accidents and misfortunes as punishment for misdeeds. -
Correct Answer ANS: C
Children who are ages 6 and 7 years know the rules and behaviors expected of them but
do not understand the reasons for these rules and behaviors. Young children do not
believe that standards of behavior come from within themselves, but that rules are
established and set down by others. Younger school-age children learn standards for
acceptable behavior, act according to these standards, and feel guilty when they violate
them. Misfortunes and accidents are viewed as punishment for bad acts.
Which statement characterizes moral development in the older school-age child?
a. They are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it rather than just by the
consequences.
b. Rules and judgments become more absolute and authoritarian.
c. They view rule violations in an isolated context.
d. They know the rules but cannot understand the reasons behind them. - Correct Answer
ANS: A
Older school-age children are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted the
behavior rather than just by the consequences. Rules and judgments become less
, absolute and authoritarian. Rule violation is likely to be viewed in relation to the total
context in which it appears. The situation and the morality of the rule itself influence
reactions.
An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for
"being bad." She shares her concern that if she dies, she will go to hell. The nurse should
interpret this as:
a. a belief common at this age.
b. a belief that forms the basis for most religions.
c. suggestive of excessive family pressure.
d. suggestive of a failure to develop a conscience. - Correct Answer ANS: A
Children at this age may view illness or injury as a punishment for a real or imagined
misdeed. The belief in divine punishment is common for an 8-year-old child.
Parents ask the nurse whether it is common for their school-age child to spend a lot of time
with peers. The nurse should respond, explaining that the role of the peer group in the life
of school-age children provides:
a. opportunity to become defiant.
b. time to remain dependent on their parents for a longer time.
c. time to establish a one-on-one relationship with the opposite sex.
d. security as they gain independence from their parents. - Correct Answer ANS: D
Peer-group identification is an important factor in gaining independence from parents.
Children learn how to relate to people in positions of leadership and authority and how to
explore ideas and the physical environment. Becoming defiant in a peer-group relationship
may lead to bullying. Peer-group identification helps in gaining independence rather than
remaining dependent. One-on-one opposite sex relationships do not occur until
adolescence. School-age children form peer groups of the same sex.
A group of boys ages 9 and 10 years have formed a "boys-only" club that is open to
neighborhood and school friends who have skateboards. This should be interpreted as:
a. behavior that encourages bullying and sexism.
b. behavior that reinforces poor peer relationships.
c. characteristic of social development at this age.
d. characteristic of children who later are at risk for membership in gangs. - Correct Answer
ANS: C
One of the outstanding characteristics of middle childhood is the creation of formalized
groups or clubs. Peer-group identification and association are essential to a child's
socialization. Poor relationships with peers and a lack of group identification can contribute
to bullying. A boys-only club does not have a direct correlation with later gang activity.
Questions with Answers
The nurse is teaching a group of 10- to 12-year-old children about physical development
during the school-age years. Which statement made by a participant, indicates the correct
understanding of the teaching?
a. "My body weight will be almost triple in the next few years."
b. "I will grow an average of 2 inches per year from this point on."
c. "There are not that many physical differences among school-age children."
d. "I will have a gradual increase in fat, which may contribute to a heavier appearance." -
Correct Answer ANS: B
In middle childhood, growth in height and weight occurs at a slower pace. Between the
ages of 6 and 12 years, children grow 2 inches per year. In middle childhood, children's
weight will almost double; they gain 3 kg/year. At the end of middle childhood, girls grow
taller and gain more weight than boys. Children take on a slimmer look with longer legs in
middle childhood.
Generally, the earliest age at which puberty begins is _____ years in girls, _____ in boys.
a. 13; 13
b. 11; 11
c. 10; 12
d. 12; 10 - Correct Answer ANS: C
Puberty signals the beginning of the development of secondary sex characteristics. This
begins earlier in girls than in boys. Usually a 2-year difference occurs in the age of onset.
Girls and boys do not usually begin puberty at the same age. Girls generally begin puberty
2 years earlier than boys.
Which describes the cognitive abilities of school-age children?
a. Have developed the ability to reason abstractly
b. Are capable of scientific reasoning and formal logic
c. Progress from making judgments based on what they reason to making judgments
based on what they see
d. Are able to classify, to group and sort, and to hold a concept in their minds while making
decisions based on that concept - Correct Answer ANS: D
In Piaget's stage of concrete operations, children have the ability to group and sort and
make conceptual decisions. Children cannot reason abstractly and logically until late
adolescence. Making judgments based on what they reason to making judgments based
on what they see is not a developmental skill.
,The parents of 9-year-old twin children tell the nurse, They have filled up their bedroom
with collections of rocks, shells, stamps, and bird nests. The nurse should recognize that
this is which?
a. Indicative of giftedness
b. Indicative of typical twin behavior
c. Characteristic of cognitive development at this age
d. Characteristic of psychosocial development at this age - Correct Answer ANS: C
Classification skills involve the ability to group objects according to the attributes they have
in common. School-age children can place things in a sensible and logical order, group
and sort, and hold a concept in their mind while they make decisions based on that
concept. Individuals who are not twins engage in classification at this age. Psychosocial
behavior at this age is described according to Eriksons stage of industry versus inferiority.
Which describes moral development in younger school-age children?
a. The standards of behavior now come from within themselves.
b. They do not yet experience a sense of guilt when they misbehave.
c. They know the rules and behaviors expected of them but do not understand the reasons
behind them.
d. They no longer interpret accidents and misfortunes as punishment for misdeeds. -
Correct Answer ANS: C
Children who are ages 6 and 7 years know the rules and behaviors expected of them but
do not understand the reasons for these rules and behaviors. Young children do not
believe that standards of behavior come from within themselves, but that rules are
established and set down by others. Younger school-age children learn standards for
acceptable behavior, act according to these standards, and feel guilty when they violate
them. Misfortunes and accidents are viewed as punishment for bad acts.
Which statement characterizes moral development in the older school-age child?
a. They are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it rather than just by the
consequences.
b. Rules and judgments become more absolute and authoritarian.
c. They view rule violations in an isolated context.
d. They know the rules but cannot understand the reasons behind them. - Correct Answer
ANS: A
Older school-age children are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted the
behavior rather than just by the consequences. Rules and judgments become less
, absolute and authoritarian. Rule violation is likely to be viewed in relation to the total
context in which it appears. The situation and the morality of the rule itself influence
reactions.
An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for
"being bad." She shares her concern that if she dies, she will go to hell. The nurse should
interpret this as:
a. a belief common at this age.
b. a belief that forms the basis for most religions.
c. suggestive of excessive family pressure.
d. suggestive of a failure to develop a conscience. - Correct Answer ANS: A
Children at this age may view illness or injury as a punishment for a real or imagined
misdeed. The belief in divine punishment is common for an 8-year-old child.
Parents ask the nurse whether it is common for their school-age child to spend a lot of time
with peers. The nurse should respond, explaining that the role of the peer group in the life
of school-age children provides:
a. opportunity to become defiant.
b. time to remain dependent on their parents for a longer time.
c. time to establish a one-on-one relationship with the opposite sex.
d. security as they gain independence from their parents. - Correct Answer ANS: D
Peer-group identification is an important factor in gaining independence from parents.
Children learn how to relate to people in positions of leadership and authority and how to
explore ideas and the physical environment. Becoming defiant in a peer-group relationship
may lead to bullying. Peer-group identification helps in gaining independence rather than
remaining dependent. One-on-one opposite sex relationships do not occur until
adolescence. School-age children form peer groups of the same sex.
A group of boys ages 9 and 10 years have formed a "boys-only" club that is open to
neighborhood and school friends who have skateboards. This should be interpreted as:
a. behavior that encourages bullying and sexism.
b. behavior that reinforces poor peer relationships.
c. characteristic of social development at this age.
d. characteristic of children who later are at risk for membership in gangs. - Correct Answer
ANS: C
One of the outstanding characteristics of middle childhood is the creation of formalized
groups or clubs. Peer-group identification and association are essential to a child's
socialization. Poor relationships with peers and a lack of group identification can contribute
to bullying. A boys-only club does not have a direct correlation with later gang activity.
