ANZCA Primary MCQs Exam with verified detailed ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
solutions ||\\//||
Hb is a good buffer because:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Large concentration
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 38 imidazole groups on Histidine residues - correct answer✔✔A
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of the following is classified as a "strong ion"?
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. phosphate
||\\//||
B. chloride
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. albumin - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Bicarbonate buffer most important extracellular buffer system because:: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Because CO2 and HCO3- are present in large concentrations
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Because of carbonic anhydrase
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Because CO2 is dealt with by the lung and HCO3- by the kidneys
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation - correct answer✔✔C - open ended buffer system
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pure water at pH 7 has hydrogen ion concentration of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 0 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 40 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 70 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 100 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. 1000 nanomol/L - correct answer✔✔D
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Hydrogen ion concentration in plasma with a PH of 7.1 ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 80 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 40 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 120 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 0 nmol :
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. ? - correct answer✔✔A
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of these increases vasopressin (ADH) secretion?
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increase in arterial BP
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Moving to erect position
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased pressure venoatria junction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Reduced effective oncotic pressure plasma
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Increase ECF volume - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hartmann's solution contains ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 154 mmol/L Na+:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 2 mmol/L Ca++:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 2 mmol/L K+:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 154 mmol/L Cl:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. 3 mmol/L Mg2+ - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cardiogenic shock is the result of: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. decreased arterial pressure
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. cardiac arrhythmia
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. decreased stroke volume
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. decreased venous return
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,E. increased venous pressure - correct answer✔✔C
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Administration of a large volume of Normal Saline (0.9%) is likely to produce ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. no change in acid base status
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. hypochloraemic metabolic acidosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. hyperchloraemic metabolic alkalosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Torsades de Pointes: ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. results from SVT
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. more likely in bradycardia in susceptible pts
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. treated with 150mg of amiodarone over 30 minutes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. results from hypermagnesaemia - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Carotid sinus massage is used in SVT to:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Decrease sympathetic stimulation of SA node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increase vagal outflow to SA node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Decrease sympathetic stimulation to AV node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Increase vagal outflow to AV node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Decrease conductivity - correct answer✔✔D
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Peripheral vascular resistance: ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. can be calculated from mean arterial pressure/ pulmonary wedge pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. units are dynes∙s∙cm−5
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. equals diving pressure mutiplied by CO - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Healthy young person loses 20% of their blood volume:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. diastolic pressure decreases:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. increased ADH secretion:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. reduced cerebral blood flow:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. increased urinary sodium excretion - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the initial response to moving from supine to erect :
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increased SV:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased CO:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased TPR:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Increased MAP:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Increased CVP - correct answer✔✔C
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of the following would cause a decrease in fluid movement from a capillary to the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
interstitium?:
A. Closure of pre-capillary sphincters:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased plasma oncotic pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Decreased MAP:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Decreased venous pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Sympathetically mediated increased arteriolar tone - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Normal CVS physiology in elderly:: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increased arterial elasticity:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased DBP:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased pulse pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
solutions ||\\//||
Hb is a good buffer because:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Large concentration
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 38 imidazole groups on Histidine residues - correct answer✔✔A
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of the following is classified as a "strong ion"?
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. phosphate
||\\//||
B. chloride
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. albumin - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Bicarbonate buffer most important extracellular buffer system because:: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Because CO2 and HCO3- are present in large concentrations
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Because of carbonic anhydrase
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Because CO2 is dealt with by the lung and HCO3- by the kidneys
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation - correct answer✔✔C - open ended buffer system
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pure water at pH 7 has hydrogen ion concentration of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 0 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 40 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 70 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 100 nanomol/L
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. 1000 nanomol/L - correct answer✔✔D
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Hydrogen ion concentration in plasma with a PH of 7.1 ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 80 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 40 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 120 nmol
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 0 nmol :
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. ? - correct answer✔✔A
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of these increases vasopressin (ADH) secretion?
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increase in arterial BP
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Moving to erect position
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased pressure venoatria junction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Reduced effective oncotic pressure plasma
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Increase ECF volume - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hartmann's solution contains ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. 154 mmol/L Na+:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. 2 mmol/L Ca++:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. 2 mmol/L K+:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. 154 mmol/L Cl:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. 3 mmol/L Mg2+ - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cardiogenic shock is the result of: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. decreased arterial pressure
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. cardiac arrhythmia
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. decreased stroke volume
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. decreased venous return
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,E. increased venous pressure - correct answer✔✔C
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Administration of a large volume of Normal Saline (0.9%) is likely to produce ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. no change in acid base status
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. hypochloraemic metabolic acidosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. hyperchloraemic metabolic alkalosis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Torsades de Pointes: ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. results from SVT
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. more likely in bradycardia in susceptible pts
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. treated with 150mg of amiodarone over 30 minutes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. results from hypermagnesaemia - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Carotid sinus massage is used in SVT to:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Decrease sympathetic stimulation of SA node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increase vagal outflow to SA node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Decrease sympathetic stimulation to AV node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Increase vagal outflow to AV node:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Decrease conductivity - correct answer✔✔D
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Peripheral vascular resistance: ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. can be calculated from mean arterial pressure/ pulmonary wedge pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. units are dynes∙s∙cm−5
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. equals diving pressure mutiplied by CO - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Healthy young person loses 20% of their blood volume:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. diastolic pressure decreases:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. increased ADH secretion:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. reduced cerebral blood flow:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. increased urinary sodium excretion - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the initial response to moving from supine to erect :
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increased SV:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased CO:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased TPR:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Increased MAP:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Increased CVP - correct answer✔✔C
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Which of the following would cause a decrease in fluid movement from a capillary to the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
interstitium?:
A. Closure of pre-capillary sphincters:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased plasma oncotic pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Decreased MAP:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
D. Decreased venous pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
E. Sympathetically mediated increased arteriolar tone - correct answer✔✔B
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Normal CVS physiology in elderly:: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A. Increased arterial elasticity:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
B. Increased DBP:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
C. Increased pulse pressure:
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
