NCC ELECTRONIC FETAL MONITORING CERTIFICATION (EFM)
EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND TEST BANK 2025 | ACCURATE
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A
Question 1
Which of the following defines the fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline?
A) The average FHR during a 30-minute segment, excluding accelerations and decelerations.
B) The average FHR rounded to increments of 10 bpm during a 5-minute segment.
C) The average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm during a 10-minute segment,
excluding accelerations, decelerations, and periods of marked variability.
D) The average FHR during the entire labor process.
E) The FHR observed at the peak of uterine contractions.
Correct Answer: C) The average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm during a 10-
minute segment, excluding accelerations, decelerations, and periods of marked
variability.
Rationale: This is the standardized definition of the FHR baseline as per NICHD
guidelines.
Question 2
A fetal heart rate baseline of 170 bpm is classified as:
A) Normal
B) Bradycardia
C) Tachycardia
D) Undetermined
E) Marked variability
Correct Answer: C) Tachycardia
,Rationale: Fetal tachycardia is defined as a FHR baseline greater than 160 bpm for a
duration of 10 minutes or longer.
Question 3
A fetal heart rate baseline of 100 bpm is classified as:
A) Normal
B) Bradycardia
C) Tachycardia
D) Undetermined
E) Minimal variability
Correct Answer: B) Bradycardia
Rationale: Fetal bradycardia is defined as a FHR baseline less than 110 bpm for a
duration of 10 minutes or longer.
Question 4
Which of the following is considered a reassuring sign on the fetal heart rate tracing?
A) Absent variability
B) Late decelerations
C) Moderate variability
D) Prolonged decelerations
E) Recurrent variable decelerations
Correct Answer: C) Moderate variability
Rationale: Moderate variability (amplitude range 6-25 bpm) is indicative of a well-
oxygenated fetus and a healthy central nervous system.
,Question 5
Absent FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Less than 2 bpm
B) Undetectable
C) 3-5 bpm
D) 6-25 bpm
E) Greater than 25 bpm
Correct Answer: B) Undetectable
Rationale: Absent variability means the amplitude range is undetectable, indicating
severe fetal distress or potential neurological compromise.
Question 6
Minimal FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 2 bpm
Correct Answer: B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
Rationale: Minimal variability is characterized by an amplitude range of FHR
fluctuations that is greater than undetectable but not exceeding 5 bpm.
Question 7
Moderate FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
, B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 10 bpm
Correct Answer: C) 6-25 bpm
Rationale: Moderate variability is the desired and most common finding, indicating a
healthy fetal CNS.
Question 8
Marked FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 10 bpm
Correct Answer: D) Greater than 25 bpm
Rationale: Marked variability is characterized by FHR fluctuations with an amplitude
range greater than 25 bpm. It can be a sign of early hypoxia, fetal stimulation, or
fetal behavioral states.
Question 9
What is the definition of an FHR acceleration in a fetus greater than 32 weeks gestation?
A) An abrupt increase in FHR of at least 10 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
B) A gradual increase in FHR of at least 10 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
C) An abrupt increase in FHR of at least 15 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND TEST BANK 2025 | ACCURATE
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A
Question 1
Which of the following defines the fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline?
A) The average FHR during a 30-minute segment, excluding accelerations and decelerations.
B) The average FHR rounded to increments of 10 bpm during a 5-minute segment.
C) The average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm during a 10-minute segment,
excluding accelerations, decelerations, and periods of marked variability.
D) The average FHR during the entire labor process.
E) The FHR observed at the peak of uterine contractions.
Correct Answer: C) The average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm during a 10-
minute segment, excluding accelerations, decelerations, and periods of marked
variability.
Rationale: This is the standardized definition of the FHR baseline as per NICHD
guidelines.
Question 2
A fetal heart rate baseline of 170 bpm is classified as:
A) Normal
B) Bradycardia
C) Tachycardia
D) Undetermined
E) Marked variability
Correct Answer: C) Tachycardia
,Rationale: Fetal tachycardia is defined as a FHR baseline greater than 160 bpm for a
duration of 10 minutes or longer.
Question 3
A fetal heart rate baseline of 100 bpm is classified as:
A) Normal
B) Bradycardia
C) Tachycardia
D) Undetermined
E) Minimal variability
Correct Answer: B) Bradycardia
Rationale: Fetal bradycardia is defined as a FHR baseline less than 110 bpm for a
duration of 10 minutes or longer.
Question 4
Which of the following is considered a reassuring sign on the fetal heart rate tracing?
A) Absent variability
B) Late decelerations
C) Moderate variability
D) Prolonged decelerations
E) Recurrent variable decelerations
Correct Answer: C) Moderate variability
Rationale: Moderate variability (amplitude range 6-25 bpm) is indicative of a well-
oxygenated fetus and a healthy central nervous system.
,Question 5
Absent FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Less than 2 bpm
B) Undetectable
C) 3-5 bpm
D) 6-25 bpm
E) Greater than 25 bpm
Correct Answer: B) Undetectable
Rationale: Absent variability means the amplitude range is undetectable, indicating
severe fetal distress or potential neurological compromise.
Question 6
Minimal FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 2 bpm
Correct Answer: B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
Rationale: Minimal variability is characterized by an amplitude range of FHR
fluctuations that is greater than undetectable but not exceeding 5 bpm.
Question 7
Moderate FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
, B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 10 bpm
Correct Answer: C) 6-25 bpm
Rationale: Moderate variability is the desired and most common finding, indicating a
healthy fetal CNS.
Question 8
Marked FHR variability is defined as an amplitude range of:
A) Undetectable
B) Greater than undetectable to 5 bpm
C) 6-25 bpm
D) Greater than 25 bpm
E) Less than 10 bpm
Correct Answer: D) Greater than 25 bpm
Rationale: Marked variability is characterized by FHR fluctuations with an amplitude
range greater than 25 bpm. It can be a sign of early hypoxia, fetal stimulation, or
fetal behavioral states.
Question 9
What is the definition of an FHR acceleration in a fetus greater than 32 weeks gestation?
A) An abrupt increase in FHR of at least 10 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
B) A gradual increase in FHR of at least 10 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
C) An abrupt increase in FHR of at least 15 bpm above baseline, lasting at least 10 seconds.
