Child Development Questions And Answers

The central questions addressed by the field of child development - ANS have applied, or practical, importance In diverse cultures around the world, __________ in particular fosters patterns of thinking and behaving that greatly improve quality of life, for both parents and children. - ANS education of women Sperm live for up to - ANS six days Two Apgar ratings are given because - ANS some babies have trouble adjusting at first but do quite well after a few minutes The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until age __________, with solid foods added at __________. - ANS 2 years; 6 months Most infant test scores - ANS do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence measured at older ages The social smile - ANS is evoked by parent-child interaction During the preschool years, - ANS the emotional climate at mealtimes has a powerful impact on eating habits Many experts believe that schools should - ANS offer more frequent physical education classes and change the content of these programs School-age children with a history of __________ have more complex, favorable, and coherent self-concepts. - ANS elaborative parent-child conversations about past experiences Ecological systems theory views the child as - ANS developing within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment Ivan Pavlov taught dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell by using - ANS classical conditioning Unlike Freud, Erikson - ANS pointed out that normal development must be understood in relation to each culture's life situation Social learning theory - ANS emphasizes modeling, also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, the __________ consists of activities and interaction patterns in the child's immediate surroundings. - ANS microsystem Freud's theory was the first to stress the influence of __________ on development. - ANS the early parent-child relationship Unlike Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, the information-processing approach - ANS does not divide development into stages According to John Locke's view, children begin - ANS as nothing at all In stage theories, development is - ANS like climbing a staircase According to Vygotsky's theory, - ANS social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture Which of the following age groups does the most niche-picking? - ANS adolescents Most homeless families consist of - ANS women with children under age 5 Which of the following statements about adoption is true? - ANS In North America and Western Europe, the availability of healthy babies has declined Chromosomes - ANS store and transmit genetic information Development is best understood as - ANS a series of complex exchanges between nature and nurture In cultures that emphasize __________, people stress group goals over individual goals. - ANS collectivism Generally, human __________ come in 23 matching pairs. - ANS chromosomes Of all Western nations, __________ has the highest percentage of extremely poor children. - ANS the United States Fragile X syndrome - ANS is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability Taylor's twenty-third pair of chromosomes is XY. Taylor - ANS is male Which of the following statements is supported by research on family size? - ANS As new children are born, parents tend to reallocate their energies