JUVENILE JUSTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

JUVENILE JUSTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Differences between Adults and Juvenile Rights - ANSWER-Juveniles prosecuted for delinquent acts, not crimes. Juveniles do not have right to public trial by jury. (adjudication hearing) Bench trial - tried in front of a judge Main goal is to rehabilitate and serve the minors best interest Often more informal than adult courts 4 Stages of Juvenile Justice - ANSWER-Child saving, Due process, Get tough, adolescent development Juvenile crime trends - ANSWER-declining since 1993, disproportionately involve minorities Risk and protective factors for delinquency - ANSWER-Risk factors: substance abuse, aggression, hyperactivity, antisocial behavior, family issues, school issues, peer group issues Protective factors: high IQ, being female, positive social orientation, intolerant toward deviance, supportive parents and peers, commitment to school, friends who engage in conventional behavior Role of prosecutor, intake PO - ANSWER-Prosecutor: advocate for justice, victim, and community values. best interests are for child as primary function. Negotiator and dispositional advocate First Juvenile Court - ANSWER-Chicago 1899 Adolescent development theory - ANSWER-Childrens cognitive abilities develop in a sequential, step-wise fashion and development influences their social awareness and moral maturity. natural order of progression for our species Parens Patriae - ANSWER-"parent of the nation" - public policy of the state to intervene against an abusive or negligent parent Sources of data on juvenile crime - ANSWER-Official measures by police, courts, and corrections. self-report measures, official crime statistics, victimization surveys Fare v Michael C - ANSWER-Arrest, interrogation, Counsel clarified the application of miranda warning to juvenile offenders. When juveniles are given miranda, it applies the same way as it does to adults. most jurisdictions do not require police to give juveniles miranda warnings. In re: gault - ANSWER-Supreme court found that geralds constitutional right to due process had been violated. Hearings could result in commitment to an institution, juveniles haev the right to notice and counsel, to question witness', and protection against self incrimination. in re: winship - ANSWER-Supreme court ruled that standard of evidence for adjudication hearigns should be proof beyond reasonable doubt. McKeiver v Pennsylvania - ANSWER-only one of first five cases that supreme court did not rule that juveniles must recieive all the same due process rights as adults. Youth Control complex - ANSWER-system that manages, controls, and incarcerates poor youth of color who are deemed as deviant and incompetent to particip