2025/2026 Questions With 100% Correct
Answers
Climacteric phase
The period of endocrinologic, somatic, and transitory psychologic changes that occur around
the time of menopause.
Early menopause
LMP before age 45
Late menopause
LMP after age 54
Primary ovarian insufficiency
Menopause that occurs before age 40
Early menopause transition (stage -2)
Persistent difference of 7 days or more in the length of consecutive cycles.
,Late menopause transition (stage -1)
60 or more consecutive days of amenorrhea
Luteal out of phase event (LOOP)
Explains why some perimenopausal women have elevated estrogen level sometimes...In the
early menopause transition, elevated FSH levels are adequate to recruit a second follicle which
results in a follicular phase-like rise in estradiol secretion superimposed on the mid-to-late
luteal phase of the ongoing ovulatory cycle.
Obese women and estradiol levels during menopause
Obese women are more likely to have anovulatory cycles with high estradiol levels. They are
also more likely to have lower premenopause yet higher postmenopause estradiol levels
compared with women of normal weight. (why they are at higher risk of endometrial cancer)
Chinese and Japanese women
These ethnic groups have lower estradiol levels then white, black and Hispanic women.
stage +2
late menopause stage: 5-8 years after FMP. Somatic aging predominates. Increased
genitourinary symptoms.
, Stages +1a, +1b, +1cEearly post menopause: 2 years after FMP. FSH rises, estradiol decreases.
VMS predominate.
Elevated FSH, LH
Endocrine labs after menopause
AMH, inhibin B
These hormones work during reproductive years to not deplete follicle pool too quickly.
Phases during menopause transition and PMS symptoms
Menstrual cycle shortens, follicular phase compresses, women spend more time in luteal
phase.. meaning more premenstrual symptoms and more frequent menstrual periods.
How to respond if a patient requests FSH lab?
many pitfalls, variable depending on the day of the cycle you draw the lab, normal or low FSH is
not helpful.
The potentially superior marker of menopause, a lab.
AMH
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)