MMSC 438 Final Verified Multiple Choice and
Conceptual Actual Frequently Tested Exam
Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct
Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
1. Systemic fungal infections often originate in the __________ - ANSWER
lungs (disseminate. They are often dimprophic, meaning they are molds in
the cold/22-30C and yeasts in the body/35-37C)
2. Coccidioides immitis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis,
Paracoccidioides braziliensis, and Talaromyces marneffei are all...? -
ANSWER dimorphic (systemic fungi)
3. Which dimorphic fungus is found as Arthroconidia in desert sand of the
southwestern United States (e.g., San Joaquin Valley)? CAUSES VALLEY
FEVER - ANSWER Coccidioides immitis (valley fever/coccidioidomycosis)
4. What are the 2 opportunistic/monomorphic systemic fungi? - ANSWER
cryptococcus and pneumocystitis
5. what monomorphic systemic fungi causes Cryptococcosis - ANSWER
Cryptococcus neoformans (and sometimes gattii)
,6. What monomorphic systemic fungi causes Pneumocystosis? - ANSWER
Pneumocystitis jirorecii
7. Most cases of IE (infectious endocarditis) are caused by normal flora. What
are the 3 most common kinds of causative organisms? - ANSWER Staph,
Strep, and Enterococci
8. Cryptococcus neoformans, a monomorphic systemic fungi that causes
Cryptococcosis, is associated with __________ in soil environments -
ANSWER pigeon droppings (C gattii is assoc w environment/trees)
9. An encapsulated yeast (antiphagocytic)
the capsule can be visualized w India Ink prep (halo= capsule)
Urease positive - ANSWER Cryptococcus neoformans
10.Cryptococcus neoformans is the most common cause of - ANSWER
fungal meningitis in AIDS patients
11.This organism is a monomorphic systemic fungi that is an OEP with
CHOLESTEROL (not ergosterol) in cell membrane
Has a cyst and troph form - ANSWER Pneumocystitis jirorecii
12.Pneumocystitis jirorecii causes an intestitial pneumonia in
immunocomp/when there is immunosuppression. Pathogenesis is damaged
alveolar epithelium visualized with ____________ in alveolar spaces -
ANSWER frothy or honeycomb exudate
, 13. Pneumocytosis/Pneumocystitis jirorecii diagnosis with microscopy of
bronchial alveolar lavage/biopsy, see U or cup-shapes after ___________
staining of cysts
****doesnt grow in culture, use PCR - ANSWER gomori silver
14.these are true pathogens, cause endemic mycoses, primarily pulmonary
diseases, possible dissemination, and are respiratory in nature/inhaled
transmission - ANSWER dimorphic systemic fungi
15. Paracoccidioidomycosis or "South American Blastomycosis" found in south
america causative agent is Paracoccidioides ______________________ -
ANSWER brasiliensis
16. Blastomycosis found in the midwest/eastern half of the US caused by this
dimorphic systemic fungi: Blastomyces ________________ - ANSWER
dermatidis
17. Histoplasmosis, or "fungus flu" is found in the mississipi river basin and is
caused by the dimorphic systemic fungi Histoplasma ________________ -
ANSWER capsulatum
Coccidioidomycosis, or "Valley fever" caused by Coccidioides
__________________ found in the Southwest US desert - ANSWER immitis
, 2 sugars linked together with a chain (pentapeptide) of amino acids that as a
whole become cross linked by transpeptidases- beta-lactams bind to the active
sites of these transpeptidases/PBPs - ANSWER peptidoglycan monomer (cell
wall component)
Beta-lactam drugs- a well-known class: - ANSWER penicillin (the cillins; all
drugs have a beta-lactam ring)
Cephalosporins (cefs/cephs) are a group of drugs that all have - ANSWER a
beta lactam ring
3rd generation cephalosporins (type of beta-lactam drug) - ANSWER
ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime
the beta-lactam drugs classified as carbapenems all end in _____________ the
monobactam drug is called Aztreonam - ANSWER penem
glycopeptides inhibit cell wall synthesis, bind to the 2 terminal d alanines,
preventing cross-linking to inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis. These include
VANCOMYCIN and teicoplanin, and are only effective against... - ANSWER
gram positive bacreria (too large to enter GN)
Polymixin and collistin are the polypeptide drugs that __________ of bacterial
cells - ANSWER disrupt the plasma membranes (plasma membrane damage,
break apart outer membrane of gram negatives)
Conceptual Actual Frequently Tested Exam
Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct
Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
1. Systemic fungal infections often originate in the __________ - ANSWER
lungs (disseminate. They are often dimprophic, meaning they are molds in
the cold/22-30C and yeasts in the body/35-37C)
2. Coccidioides immitis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis,
Paracoccidioides braziliensis, and Talaromyces marneffei are all...? -
ANSWER dimorphic (systemic fungi)
3. Which dimorphic fungus is found as Arthroconidia in desert sand of the
southwestern United States (e.g., San Joaquin Valley)? CAUSES VALLEY
FEVER - ANSWER Coccidioides immitis (valley fever/coccidioidomycosis)
4. What are the 2 opportunistic/monomorphic systemic fungi? - ANSWER
cryptococcus and pneumocystitis
5. what monomorphic systemic fungi causes Cryptococcosis - ANSWER
Cryptococcus neoformans (and sometimes gattii)
,6. What monomorphic systemic fungi causes Pneumocystosis? - ANSWER
Pneumocystitis jirorecii
7. Most cases of IE (infectious endocarditis) are caused by normal flora. What
are the 3 most common kinds of causative organisms? - ANSWER Staph,
Strep, and Enterococci
8. Cryptococcus neoformans, a monomorphic systemic fungi that causes
Cryptococcosis, is associated with __________ in soil environments -
ANSWER pigeon droppings (C gattii is assoc w environment/trees)
9. An encapsulated yeast (antiphagocytic)
the capsule can be visualized w India Ink prep (halo= capsule)
Urease positive - ANSWER Cryptococcus neoformans
10.Cryptococcus neoformans is the most common cause of - ANSWER
fungal meningitis in AIDS patients
11.This organism is a monomorphic systemic fungi that is an OEP with
CHOLESTEROL (not ergosterol) in cell membrane
Has a cyst and troph form - ANSWER Pneumocystitis jirorecii
12.Pneumocystitis jirorecii causes an intestitial pneumonia in
immunocomp/when there is immunosuppression. Pathogenesis is damaged
alveolar epithelium visualized with ____________ in alveolar spaces -
ANSWER frothy or honeycomb exudate
, 13. Pneumocytosis/Pneumocystitis jirorecii diagnosis with microscopy of
bronchial alveolar lavage/biopsy, see U or cup-shapes after ___________
staining of cysts
****doesnt grow in culture, use PCR - ANSWER gomori silver
14.these are true pathogens, cause endemic mycoses, primarily pulmonary
diseases, possible dissemination, and are respiratory in nature/inhaled
transmission - ANSWER dimorphic systemic fungi
15. Paracoccidioidomycosis or "South American Blastomycosis" found in south
america causative agent is Paracoccidioides ______________________ -
ANSWER brasiliensis
16. Blastomycosis found in the midwest/eastern half of the US caused by this
dimorphic systemic fungi: Blastomyces ________________ - ANSWER
dermatidis
17. Histoplasmosis, or "fungus flu" is found in the mississipi river basin and is
caused by the dimorphic systemic fungi Histoplasma ________________ -
ANSWER capsulatum
Coccidioidomycosis, or "Valley fever" caused by Coccidioides
__________________ found in the Southwest US desert - ANSWER immitis
, 2 sugars linked together with a chain (pentapeptide) of amino acids that as a
whole become cross linked by transpeptidases- beta-lactams bind to the active
sites of these transpeptidases/PBPs - ANSWER peptidoglycan monomer (cell
wall component)
Beta-lactam drugs- a well-known class: - ANSWER penicillin (the cillins; all
drugs have a beta-lactam ring)
Cephalosporins (cefs/cephs) are a group of drugs that all have - ANSWER a
beta lactam ring
3rd generation cephalosporins (type of beta-lactam drug) - ANSWER
ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime
the beta-lactam drugs classified as carbapenems all end in _____________ the
monobactam drug is called Aztreonam - ANSWER penem
glycopeptides inhibit cell wall synthesis, bind to the 2 terminal d alanines,
preventing cross-linking to inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis. These include
VANCOMYCIN and teicoplanin, and are only effective against... - ANSWER
gram positive bacreria (too large to enter GN)
Polymixin and collistin are the polypeptide drugs that __________ of bacterial
cells - ANSWER disrupt the plasma membranes (plasma membrane damage,
break apart outer membrane of gram negatives)
