MMSC 438 STIs {COMBINED} Verified Multiple
Choice and Conceptual Actual Frequently
Tested Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
Q1. What were STIs formerly called?
A: STDs and Venereal Diseases
Q2. How are STIs primarily transmitted?
A:
• Through sexual contact: vaginal, oral, or anal sex
• Mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth
• Via blood products or tissue transfer
Q3. Define urethritis.
A: Inflammation of the urethra.
Q4. What are noninfectious causes of urethritis?
A:
• Mechanical injury (e.g., catheterization)
• Chemical irritation (e.g., antiseptics)
Q5. What are infectious causes of urethritis?
A:
• Most commonly sexually transmitted pathogens, though other microbes
can be involved.
,Q6. What is the causative agent of gonococcal urethritis?
A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Q7. What is the most common cause of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)?
A: Chlamydia trachomatis
Q8. Why is it called nongonococcal urethritis?
A: Because the infection is not caused by gonorrhea, and Chlamydia
trachomatis cannot be visualized on Gram stain.
Q9. What is the most commonly reported infectious disease in the U.S.?
A: Chlamydia trachomatis infection
Q10. Which Chlamydia serovars are associated with trachoma?
A: Serovars A, B, Ba, and C
Q11. What is trachoma?
A: A chronic eye infection that can lead to blindness.
Q12. Which Chlamydia serovars are linked to genital tract disease?
A: Serovars D–K
Q13. Which Chlamydia serovars cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)?
A: Serovars L1, L2, L2a, L2b, and L3
Q14. How have Chlamydia rates changed since the 1980s?
A: They have steadily increased.
Q15. What major public health programs were established to prevent Chlamydia-
related complications?
A: Programs aimed at preventing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Q16. What can PID lead to in women?
A: Infertility or sterility
Q17. What is the second most commonly reported infectious disease in the U.S.?
A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection (Gonorrhea)
,Q18. What are common symptoms of gonococcal urethritis?
A:
• Dysuria (painful urination)
• Purulent urethral discharge
• No urinary frequency or urgency
Q19. Which cells does N. gonorrhoeae primarily infect?
A: Columnar epithelial cells of the GU tract
(including urethra, cervix, endocervix, Bartholin glands, anal canal, pharynx, and
conjunctiva)
Q20. What percentage of males with gonococcal urethritis experience purulent
discharge?
A: Over 95%
do women often have symptoms from gonococcal urethritis?
no, but they may have urethritis accompanied by cervicitis
NGU is more likely to
be asymptomatic or lack urethral discharge
what are some complications of NGU in men?
-acute prostatitis
-epididymitis
-urethral stricture
what are some complications of NGU in women?
-PID presenting as salpingitis, endometritis, internal abscesses, & chronic pelvic
pain in women
perinatal exposure to N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis can cause
-sepsis
-pneumonia
, -inclusion conjunctivitis
-ophthalmia neonatorum
gram stain of urethral exudate
what is the CDC's recommendation for dual therapy treatment for both chlamydia
& gonorrhea?
-IM ceftriazone
-single oral dose of azithromycin or doxy orally for 7 days
what is the CDC's recommendation for those who are co-infected with chlamydia?
single oral dose of azithromycin or doxy orally for 7 days for chlamydia
what are some alternate therapies for pt co-infected with chlamydia?
-erythromycin
-levofloxacin
-ofloxacin
appears to be increased abx resistance against
azithromycin & cephalosporins
what is cervicitis?
inflammation of columnar & subepithelial cells of the endocervix
what are some causative agents of cervicitis?
-C. trachomatis
-N. conorrhoeae
-Mycoplasma & Ureaplasma (rare)
what are some noninfectious causes of cervicitis?
injury to cervix, usually from a foreign object inserted into the vagina (birth
control devices, douches, tampon use, chemical irritation may also occur)
T/F cervicitis is rare
Choice and Conceptual Actual Frequently
Tested Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
Q1. What were STIs formerly called?
A: STDs and Venereal Diseases
Q2. How are STIs primarily transmitted?
A:
• Through sexual contact: vaginal, oral, or anal sex
• Mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth
• Via blood products or tissue transfer
Q3. Define urethritis.
A: Inflammation of the urethra.
Q4. What are noninfectious causes of urethritis?
A:
• Mechanical injury (e.g., catheterization)
• Chemical irritation (e.g., antiseptics)
Q5. What are infectious causes of urethritis?
A:
• Most commonly sexually transmitted pathogens, though other microbes
can be involved.
,Q6. What is the causative agent of gonococcal urethritis?
A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Q7. What is the most common cause of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)?
A: Chlamydia trachomatis
Q8. Why is it called nongonococcal urethritis?
A: Because the infection is not caused by gonorrhea, and Chlamydia
trachomatis cannot be visualized on Gram stain.
Q9. What is the most commonly reported infectious disease in the U.S.?
A: Chlamydia trachomatis infection
Q10. Which Chlamydia serovars are associated with trachoma?
A: Serovars A, B, Ba, and C
Q11. What is trachoma?
A: A chronic eye infection that can lead to blindness.
Q12. Which Chlamydia serovars are linked to genital tract disease?
A: Serovars D–K
Q13. Which Chlamydia serovars cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)?
A: Serovars L1, L2, L2a, L2b, and L3
Q14. How have Chlamydia rates changed since the 1980s?
A: They have steadily increased.
Q15. What major public health programs were established to prevent Chlamydia-
related complications?
A: Programs aimed at preventing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Q16. What can PID lead to in women?
A: Infertility or sterility
Q17. What is the second most commonly reported infectious disease in the U.S.?
A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection (Gonorrhea)
,Q18. What are common symptoms of gonococcal urethritis?
A:
• Dysuria (painful urination)
• Purulent urethral discharge
• No urinary frequency or urgency
Q19. Which cells does N. gonorrhoeae primarily infect?
A: Columnar epithelial cells of the GU tract
(including urethra, cervix, endocervix, Bartholin glands, anal canal, pharynx, and
conjunctiva)
Q20. What percentage of males with gonococcal urethritis experience purulent
discharge?
A: Over 95%
do women often have symptoms from gonococcal urethritis?
no, but they may have urethritis accompanied by cervicitis
NGU is more likely to
be asymptomatic or lack urethral discharge
what are some complications of NGU in men?
-acute prostatitis
-epididymitis
-urethral stricture
what are some complications of NGU in women?
-PID presenting as salpingitis, endometritis, internal abscesses, & chronic pelvic
pain in women
perinatal exposure to N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis can cause
-sepsis
-pneumonia
, -inclusion conjunctivitis
-ophthalmia neonatorum
gram stain of urethral exudate
what is the CDC's recommendation for dual therapy treatment for both chlamydia
& gonorrhea?
-IM ceftriazone
-single oral dose of azithromycin or doxy orally for 7 days
what is the CDC's recommendation for those who are co-infected with chlamydia?
single oral dose of azithromycin or doxy orally for 7 days for chlamydia
what are some alternate therapies for pt co-infected with chlamydia?
-erythromycin
-levofloxacin
-ofloxacin
appears to be increased abx resistance against
azithromycin & cephalosporins
what is cervicitis?
inflammation of columnar & subepithelial cells of the endocervix
what are some causative agents of cervicitis?
-C. trachomatis
-N. conorrhoeae
-Mycoplasma & Ureaplasma (rare)
what are some noninfectious causes of cervicitis?
injury to cervix, usually from a foreign object inserted into the vagina (birth
control devices, douches, tampon use, chemical irritation may also occur)
T/F cervicitis is rare
