Ocean 100 Final – SDSU Exam – 88 Questions and answers
Euphotic zone - -first 200 meters
-where photosynthesis can take place
-suns radiation can be absorbed
-Seed Plants - --true plants
-not very abundant
-grasses, eelgrass and surfgrass
-mangroves
-like warm, muddy waters
-have a root system
-Protists - -a) large algae(seaweed)
-brown algae(kelp), green (sponge weed), red (rhodophyta)
b) phytoplankton(small algae)
-most producers
-diatoms
-coccolithophores
-dinoflagellates
-Eukaryotes - -seed plants and protists
-Prokaryotes - --ancient and very old
-blue-green algae, cyanobacteria
-first photosynthesizers, phytoplankton (chalk)
-red algae is adapted to survive at greater depths (irish moss)
-regions of high productivity - --polar regions
-coasts
-coral reefs
-polar regions - --no thermocline
-great amounts of sea life
-coasts - --upwelling b/c eckman transport(winds moving water)
-nutrients coming from land
-coral reefs - -very productive
-regions of low productivity - --subtropical gyres
-far from coasts
-water doesn't move up or down
-no upwelling
-very high thermocline
, -energy flow - --Producers
-Consumers
-producers - --all photosynthetic
-autotrophs-self surviving (produce their own food)
-consumers - --all animals
-heterotrophs -must consume other organisms (can't stay alive if they don't)
-vertebrates - -fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
-Adaptations to the Marine Environment - -1. Swimming/buoyancy
2. Avoiding Predators
3. Gas Exchange
4. Adaptations of deep sea fishes
-Diffusion - -there is a higher concentration of C02 in the water as the fish breathes there
is a lower concentration of C02 in the blood
-Bony fishes - --osteichthyes
-most successful group in the oceans
-Placoderms - --armored jawed fishes
-400 mya
-some of the oldest fishes
-Cartilaginous fish - --chondrichthyes
-sharks, rays
-been around for ~300 million years
-Sharks - -1) 80% of all species are not dangerous
2) Remarkable senses: lateral line
3) Very successful, well adapted fishes
-Whale Shark - --largest fish (15meters ~45 feet long)
-feeds on plankton and krill
-Characteristics of ALL Mammals - --mammary glands
-hair/fur
-live young
-Marine Mammals - --streamline body
-high metabolism
-large (blue whale is largest)
Euphotic zone - -first 200 meters
-where photosynthesis can take place
-suns radiation can be absorbed
-Seed Plants - --true plants
-not very abundant
-grasses, eelgrass and surfgrass
-mangroves
-like warm, muddy waters
-have a root system
-Protists - -a) large algae(seaweed)
-brown algae(kelp), green (sponge weed), red (rhodophyta)
b) phytoplankton(small algae)
-most producers
-diatoms
-coccolithophores
-dinoflagellates
-Eukaryotes - -seed plants and protists
-Prokaryotes - --ancient and very old
-blue-green algae, cyanobacteria
-first photosynthesizers, phytoplankton (chalk)
-red algae is adapted to survive at greater depths (irish moss)
-regions of high productivity - --polar regions
-coasts
-coral reefs
-polar regions - --no thermocline
-great amounts of sea life
-coasts - --upwelling b/c eckman transport(winds moving water)
-nutrients coming from land
-coral reefs - -very productive
-regions of low productivity - --subtropical gyres
-far from coasts
-water doesn't move up or down
-no upwelling
-very high thermocline
, -energy flow - --Producers
-Consumers
-producers - --all photosynthetic
-autotrophs-self surviving (produce their own food)
-consumers - --all animals
-heterotrophs -must consume other organisms (can't stay alive if they don't)
-vertebrates - -fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
-Adaptations to the Marine Environment - -1. Swimming/buoyancy
2. Avoiding Predators
3. Gas Exchange
4. Adaptations of deep sea fishes
-Diffusion - -there is a higher concentration of C02 in the water as the fish breathes there
is a lower concentration of C02 in the blood
-Bony fishes - --osteichthyes
-most successful group in the oceans
-Placoderms - --armored jawed fishes
-400 mya
-some of the oldest fishes
-Cartilaginous fish - --chondrichthyes
-sharks, rays
-been around for ~300 million years
-Sharks - -1) 80% of all species are not dangerous
2) Remarkable senses: lateral line
3) Very successful, well adapted fishes
-Whale Shark - --largest fish (15meters ~45 feet long)
-feeds on plankton and krill
-Characteristics of ALL Mammals - --mammary glands
-hair/fur
-live young
-Marine Mammals - --streamline body
-high metabolism
-large (blue whale is largest)
