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Why so much conflicting data on meds in perinatal - ANSWER-
No randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
Many studies are retrospective database and case-control
studies
- may involve voluntary reporting
- confounds (esp illness exposure)
Long-term neurobehavioral fx/Autism/ADHD - ANSWER-
Not a true risk
SSRIs not correlated with cognitive/behavioural outcomes
at age 3-6, 7 yrs
No evidence that SSRIs are
neurotoxic
**But maternal depression can be neurotoxic and
developmentally damaging**
Most common perinatal issues requiring meds - ANSWER-
Depression, anxiety,
insomnia
,Medication Considerations - ANSWER-Have you maximized
nonpharmacologic interventions?
Which med to choose?
- what has worked in the past?
- what is working now?
- if no med hx, consider sertraline first
Consider side fx when choosing meds:
- sedating
- activating
- weight changes
Meds for depression/anxiety SSRIs - ANSWER-SSRIs
(Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors)
- sertraline (Zoloft)* most commonly prescribed
- citalopram (Celexa)
- escitalopram (Cilaprex)
- paroxitine (Paxil)
- fluoxitine (Prozac)
- fluvoxamine (Luvox) --> OCD
Meds for depression/anxiety SNRIs - ANSWER-SNRIs
(Serotonin &
Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
- duloxetine (Cymbalta) & venlafaxine (Effexor) - little data -
continue to use if client has positive hx
- desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)* most safety data in pregnancy
, Meds for depression/anxiety - other - ANSWER-
Buproprion (Wellbutrin)*
contraindicated with hx of EDs, esp
bulemia
Mirtazepine (Remeron)* makes sleepy - can be helpful
for insomnia
Vortioxetine (Trintellex) - little data - continue to use if client
has positive hx
TCAs (Tricyclic antidepressants - more complex to dose, rarely
used perinatally)
MAOIs (rarely
used)
Anxiolytics (non-benzo) - ANSWER-Buspirone/Buspar -
minimal data, not
always
effective
Hydroxyzine/Vistapril =
antihistamine
Quetapine/Seroquel - atypical antipsychotic, low
does effective for
insomnia/anxiety; higher doses >100mg for
bipolar/psychotic disorders
Anxiolytics: Benzodiazepines - ANSWER-Should NEVER be
used LONG-TERM - only couple months while developing other
strategies/meds.