Exam Questions and All Correct
Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
Ischuria - Answer stoppage or reduction in the flow of urine either from blockage of a passage
with resulting retention in the bladder or from disease of the kidneys.
Dysuria - Answer painful or difficult urination.
Insomnia - Answer habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep.
Narcolepsy - Answer a condition characterized by an extreme tendency to fall asleep
whenever in relaxing surroundings.
Lobectomy - Answer surgical removal of a lobe of an organ such as the thyroid gland, lung, or
liver.
Hypophysectomy - Answer the surgical removal of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). It is most
commonly performed to treat tumors, especially craniopharyngioma tumors. Sometimes it is
used to treat Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary adenoma.
Ureters - Answer the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder or cloaca.
Uretal orifices - Answer the opening of the ureter in the bladder, situated one at each lateral
angle of the trigone; wide gaping of the ostium usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux.
Granuloma - Answer a mass of granulation tissue, typically produced in response to infection,
inflammation, or the presence of a foreign substance.
Granulation tissue - Answer new vascular tissue in granular form on an ulcer or the healing
surface of a wound.
Renal colic - Answer a type of abdominal pain commonly caused by kidney stones.
, Myelin sheath - Answer the insulating covering that surrounds an axon with multiple spiral
layers of myelin, that is discontinuous at the nodes of Ranvier, and that increases the speed at
which a nerve impulse can travel along an axon
Pia mater - Answer the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.
Sympathetic nerves - Answer activates what is often termed the fight or flight response.
Parasympathetic nerves - Answer tends to induce secretion, to increase the tone and
contractility of smooth muscle, and to slow heart rate, and that consists of a cranial and a sacral
part
Lactogenic hormone - Answer gonadotropic hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary; in
females it stimulates growth of the mammary glands and lactation after parturition. luteotropin,
prolactin.
Luteinizing hormone - Answer a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that
stimulates ovulation in females and the synthesis of androgen in males.
Basic metabolic panel - Answer measures your sugar (glucose) level, electrolyte and fluid
balance, and kidney function.
Lipid panel - Answer blood test that measures lipids-fats and fatty substances used as a source
of energy by your body.
Extraocular - Answer any of six small voluntary muscles that pass between the eyeball and the
orbit and control the movement and stabilization of the eyeball in relation to the orbit
Intraocular - Answer implanted in, occurring in, or administered by entering the eyeball
Lipocytes - Answer a fat-containing cell of adipose tissue
Mast cells - Answer a cell filled with basophil granules, found in numbers in connective tissue
and releasing histamine and other substances during inflammatory and allergic reactions.