Renal Disorders NUR 2212 final
Renal assessment - answer Renal assessment is used to evaluate the kidney function.
Assess gender
· Females develop more UTI's bc of the urethra
· Males prostate cancer
- Age
- Race
- socioeconomic status
- smoking
- dietary and personal habits
· High protein diets and salts increase high renal calculi
- occupational
· Hairdresser
· Painters
- Personal and Family Health History
· If u have family with known kidney disease it predisposes you for having kidney
disease
- Medication Use
Renal and Urinary Assessment - answer Clarity, color, or odor of urine
ODOR - answer- Foul or strong odor: infection/ dehydration
- Sweet or fruity smell: diabetes/high glucose level
- Mild smell not overpowering: normal
- ammonia odor: concentrated urine/long standing urinary infection
COLOR - answer- Red/pink: blood in urine by infection or stone
- Pale yellow to amber: normal/ good hydration
- Dark yellow: dehydration
- Brown or tea color: liver disease/ severe dehydration
- Green/blue: medications and dyes
CLARITY - answer- Clear: normal, hydrated
- Cloudy: presence of pus, bacteria, high levels of proteins, crystals
PATTERN - answer- Frequent: infection, diabetes, excessive fluids intake
- Frequent nighttime urination: nocturia can indicate heart failure or diabetes
- Strong urge: over active blatter or infections
HESITANCY - answerDifficult starting a urination can suggest prostate issues in men
also frequent urination in men
, Physical Assessment - answerInspection
- Observe for edema
- Palpation check for tenderness masses enlargement of the kidney
Percussion
- Assess for kidney size detect for any abnormal fluid accumaltion
Vitals
- High bp
- Monitor for Fever
Diagnostic test - answer• Serum Creatinine
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Urinalysis & urine culture
• Renal ultrasound
• Computed tomography
lab test - answerCheck for abnormalities in the urine (routine urinarlysis)
o Check for Protein, blood, glucose.
- Nitrogen, electrolytes, BUN, serum creatine, urine culture urinalysis
Serum Creatine - answero Measure the amount of creatine in the blood, waste product
from muscle metabolism
o Elevated levels = impaired kidney function
o normal serum creatinine levels: 0.6-1.2
- Blood urea (BUN) - answero Waste product for protein breakdown
o High BUN = decrease kidney function or dehydration
o normal 7-20
- Urine culture - answero clean catch
o Sterile specimen/ by straight Cath
imaging - answer- Ultrasound
o detects structural abnormalities of urinary tract
- Ct scan
- MRI
lab test range - answerSodium :135-145
Potassium: 3.5-5.2
Creatinine: 0.6-1.2
BUN: 8-20
Calcium: 8.8-10.4
Magnesium: 1.8-2.6
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - answerRapid loss of renal function.
The kidneys are unable to:
Renal assessment - answer Renal assessment is used to evaluate the kidney function.
Assess gender
· Females develop more UTI's bc of the urethra
· Males prostate cancer
- Age
- Race
- socioeconomic status
- smoking
- dietary and personal habits
· High protein diets and salts increase high renal calculi
- occupational
· Hairdresser
· Painters
- Personal and Family Health History
· If u have family with known kidney disease it predisposes you for having kidney
disease
- Medication Use
Renal and Urinary Assessment - answer Clarity, color, or odor of urine
ODOR - answer- Foul or strong odor: infection/ dehydration
- Sweet or fruity smell: diabetes/high glucose level
- Mild smell not overpowering: normal
- ammonia odor: concentrated urine/long standing urinary infection
COLOR - answer- Red/pink: blood in urine by infection or stone
- Pale yellow to amber: normal/ good hydration
- Dark yellow: dehydration
- Brown or tea color: liver disease/ severe dehydration
- Green/blue: medications and dyes
CLARITY - answer- Clear: normal, hydrated
- Cloudy: presence of pus, bacteria, high levels of proteins, crystals
PATTERN - answer- Frequent: infection, diabetes, excessive fluids intake
- Frequent nighttime urination: nocturia can indicate heart failure or diabetes
- Strong urge: over active blatter or infections
HESITANCY - answerDifficult starting a urination can suggest prostate issues in men
also frequent urination in men
, Physical Assessment - answerInspection
- Observe for edema
- Palpation check for tenderness masses enlargement of the kidney
Percussion
- Assess for kidney size detect for any abnormal fluid accumaltion
Vitals
- High bp
- Monitor for Fever
Diagnostic test - answer• Serum Creatinine
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Urinalysis & urine culture
• Renal ultrasound
• Computed tomography
lab test - answerCheck for abnormalities in the urine (routine urinarlysis)
o Check for Protein, blood, glucose.
- Nitrogen, electrolytes, BUN, serum creatine, urine culture urinalysis
Serum Creatine - answero Measure the amount of creatine in the blood, waste product
from muscle metabolism
o Elevated levels = impaired kidney function
o normal serum creatinine levels: 0.6-1.2
- Blood urea (BUN) - answero Waste product for protein breakdown
o High BUN = decrease kidney function or dehydration
o normal 7-20
- Urine culture - answero clean catch
o Sterile specimen/ by straight Cath
imaging - answer- Ultrasound
o detects structural abnormalities of urinary tract
- Ct scan
- MRI
lab test range - answerSodium :135-145
Potassium: 3.5-5.2
Creatinine: 0.6-1.2
BUN: 8-20
Calcium: 8.8-10.4
Magnesium: 1.8-2.6
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - answerRapid loss of renal function.
The kidneys are unable to:
