NURS 5315AdvancedPathophysiology
UTA Exam 4 (Latest20252026 Update)
Real Questions and Verified Answers
100% Correct Already Graded A+.
1. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH):secreted to fix low fluid volume. Tells the kidneys
to
hang on to water.Fluids conservedand fluid volumegoesup. Usedin conjunction with the
RAAS.
2. Thyroid-stimulatingHormone(TSH): producereleaseor storethe3 thyroid
hormones.thyroxine (T4) and triodothyronine (T3), calcitonin
- increase calcium movement
from blood to bone
4. ADH Undersecretion:DIABETES INSIPUDUS - too much fluid being lost. you won't "ho
onto" water effectively
--water will indiscriminately flow from the peritubular
capillariesof the
kidneysinto thetubulesandbecomesverydiluteurine.
5. Diabetes Insipidus:Pass too much "flavorless" Urine (very dilute) think of the D as dow
decreased ADH, Dieresis, body is Dry.
6. Renal-Relatedunder-secretionof ADH: Sick kidneyshavea decreased
response to ADH.
7. CNS relatedUnder-secretionof ADH: PituitaryTumor Head Injury
CerebralEdema& IICP (increasedintercranialpressure)
8. Polyuria:Voiding hugeamountsof diluteurine.
9. S&S of ADH undersecertion:void huge amounts of dilute water Pulyuria
- thirsty- blood
compartmenthas lesswater- concentrationincreasesThink fluid volume deficit = low
preload- from tissue to blood domino effect
10. Syndromeof InappropriateAntidiureticHormone(SIADH): Oversecretion of ADH
11. Whatcan triggerSIADH?: Ectopic - small-cell bronchogeniccancer Various
Drugs - anesthetics- post-op
22
,Trauma to brain - tumoror injury - pressurethatcausespituitaryto over- secrete
12. Oliguria: bodyholding on to waterint he vascularspacePersonhas a low GFR, goes
from normal 30ml/hr to 15ml/hr.
13. A personwhois edemitousand has high preload:SIADH - toomuch fluid retained, fluid
shifted to the tissues.
14. Poor skin turgor,sunkeneyes,dry mucousmembranes:ADH
15. Iodide:T3 & T4 hormonesdependon this for uptakefrom theblood
16. T3 & T4 act:metabolic rate caloric requirements oxygen consumption carbohydrate
&
lipid metabolismgrowth& developmentbrain & nervoussystemfunctions
17 Understand the Negative Feedback of Thyroid function:
drop in levels of thyroid
hormones(T
& T4) in thebloodstreamcausespituitarystimulatedwhich increases its secretion of TSH thy
stimulated to release more T3 & T4. once balance is restored there is a suppress of TSH s
from pituitary.
18. Hyperthyroidism:is thestateof havingexcessT3 & T4 productionandrelease
19. Graves Disease:an autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies attack/stimulate
receptors on the thyroid. the autoantibodies "mimick" TSH- results in thyroid secreting mo
T3 & T4.
20. GravesDiseaseS&S: In overdrive.Hypermetabolic
21. HyperthyroidismS&S: PSYCH/CNS — nervous,irritable,tremors,insomnia, emotionally
labile, sometimes psychosis (hallucinations, paranoia)
CARDIOVASCULAR —tachycardia,increasedafterload,sometimesHF dueto increased heart
workload
GI—increasedappetite,diarrhea HAIR
CHANGES
,
ghfjfuffhair follic
areverysensitiveto your metabolicstate& get"stressed"by too much thyroid hormone
—hair thins out or falls out (alopecia).
22. Exophthalmus:bulgingeyesfrom depositsof excesstissuebehindeyes23.
Goiter:Enlargementof thethyroidgland. Can bein bothHyper and Hypo.
24. Goiterin Hyperthyroidism:in hyperthyroidismtheenlargementis a result of
overactive cells
25. Goiterin Hypothyroidism:in hypothyroidismtheenlargementis a resultof
compensatory change
26. ThyrotoxicCrisis: Thyroid Storm - hyperthyroidemergencytriggeredby some
stressor such as infection, trauma, surgery, etc.
S&S
neuro:extremerestlessness& agitation;delirium;seizures;coma. circulatory:
severe tachycardia, heart failure, shock diaphoresis, hyperthermia (temps
103-105 F)
27. diaphoresis:Sweatingto an unusualdegreeas a symptomof diseaseor a side effect of a
drug.
28. Treatmentsof Hyperthyroidism:antithyroidmedsthatinhibit synthesisof thyroid
hormones
surgery-- thyroidectomy(usually~ 90 % removed)
, 29. Myxedema:Changesin thedermisthatcausewaterto gettrappedunder the skin over
a period of time, till patient takes on overall puffy appearance.
Skin is overallCoarseand Dry
30 Creatinism:Condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth owing
untreated
to
congenitaldeficiencyof thyroidhormone(congenitalhypothyroidism) usually owing to
maternal hypothyroidism.
UTA Exam 4 (Latest20252026 Update)
Real Questions and Verified Answers
100% Correct Already Graded A+.
1. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH):secreted to fix low fluid volume. Tells the kidneys
to
hang on to water.Fluids conservedand fluid volumegoesup. Usedin conjunction with the
RAAS.
2. Thyroid-stimulatingHormone(TSH): producereleaseor storethe3 thyroid
hormones.thyroxine (T4) and triodothyronine (T3), calcitonin
- increase calcium movement
from blood to bone
4. ADH Undersecretion:DIABETES INSIPUDUS - too much fluid being lost. you won't "ho
onto" water effectively
--water will indiscriminately flow from the peritubular
capillariesof the
kidneysinto thetubulesandbecomesverydiluteurine.
5. Diabetes Insipidus:Pass too much "flavorless" Urine (very dilute) think of the D as dow
decreased ADH, Dieresis, body is Dry.
6. Renal-Relatedunder-secretionof ADH: Sick kidneyshavea decreased
response to ADH.
7. CNS relatedUnder-secretionof ADH: PituitaryTumor Head Injury
CerebralEdema& IICP (increasedintercranialpressure)
8. Polyuria:Voiding hugeamountsof diluteurine.
9. S&S of ADH undersecertion:void huge amounts of dilute water Pulyuria
- thirsty- blood
compartmenthas lesswater- concentrationincreasesThink fluid volume deficit = low
preload- from tissue to blood domino effect
10. Syndromeof InappropriateAntidiureticHormone(SIADH): Oversecretion of ADH
11. Whatcan triggerSIADH?: Ectopic - small-cell bronchogeniccancer Various
Drugs - anesthetics- post-op
22
,Trauma to brain - tumoror injury - pressurethatcausespituitaryto over- secrete
12. Oliguria: bodyholding on to waterint he vascularspacePersonhas a low GFR, goes
from normal 30ml/hr to 15ml/hr.
13. A personwhois edemitousand has high preload:SIADH - toomuch fluid retained, fluid
shifted to the tissues.
14. Poor skin turgor,sunkeneyes,dry mucousmembranes:ADH
15. Iodide:T3 & T4 hormonesdependon this for uptakefrom theblood
16. T3 & T4 act:metabolic rate caloric requirements oxygen consumption carbohydrate
&
lipid metabolismgrowth& developmentbrain & nervoussystemfunctions
17 Understand the Negative Feedback of Thyroid function:
drop in levels of thyroid
hormones(T
& T4) in thebloodstreamcausespituitarystimulatedwhich increases its secretion of TSH thy
stimulated to release more T3 & T4. once balance is restored there is a suppress of TSH s
from pituitary.
18. Hyperthyroidism:is thestateof havingexcessT3 & T4 productionandrelease
19. Graves Disease:an autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies attack/stimulate
receptors on the thyroid. the autoantibodies "mimick" TSH- results in thyroid secreting mo
T3 & T4.
20. GravesDiseaseS&S: In overdrive.Hypermetabolic
21. HyperthyroidismS&S: PSYCH/CNS — nervous,irritable,tremors,insomnia, emotionally
labile, sometimes psychosis (hallucinations, paranoia)
CARDIOVASCULAR —tachycardia,increasedafterload,sometimesHF dueto increased heart
workload
GI—increasedappetite,diarrhea HAIR
CHANGES
,
ghfjfuffhair follic
areverysensitiveto your metabolicstate& get"stressed"by too much thyroid hormone
—hair thins out or falls out (alopecia).
22. Exophthalmus:bulgingeyesfrom depositsof excesstissuebehindeyes23.
Goiter:Enlargementof thethyroidgland. Can bein bothHyper and Hypo.
24. Goiterin Hyperthyroidism:in hyperthyroidismtheenlargementis a result of
overactive cells
25. Goiterin Hypothyroidism:in hypothyroidismtheenlargementis a resultof
compensatory change
26. ThyrotoxicCrisis: Thyroid Storm - hyperthyroidemergencytriggeredby some
stressor such as infection, trauma, surgery, etc.
S&S
neuro:extremerestlessness& agitation;delirium;seizures;coma. circulatory:
severe tachycardia, heart failure, shock diaphoresis, hyperthermia (temps
103-105 F)
27. diaphoresis:Sweatingto an unusualdegreeas a symptomof diseaseor a side effect of a
drug.
28. Treatmentsof Hyperthyroidism:antithyroidmedsthatinhibit synthesisof thyroid
hormones
surgery-- thyroidectomy(usually~ 90 % removed)
, 29. Myxedema:Changesin thedermisthatcausewaterto gettrappedunder the skin over
a period of time, till patient takes on overall puffy appearance.
Skin is overallCoarseand Dry
30 Creatinism:Condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth owing
untreated
to
congenitaldeficiencyof thyroidhormone(congenitalhypothyroidism) usually owing to
maternal hypothyroidism.
