Pilbeam's Mechanical Ventilation: Physiological and Clinical Applications 7th Edition ISBN 978-0323551274 COMPLETE GUIDE WITH RATIONALES 100% VERIFIED A+ GRADE ASSURED!!!!!NEW LATEST UPDATE!!!!!

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MechanicalVentilation7t ji ji




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,
,Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation Tes
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t Bank
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ji




1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is kno
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wn as which of the following?
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a. External respiration ji




b. Internal respiration ji




c. Spontaneous ventilation ji




d. Mechanical ventilation j i




ANS: C ji




The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation. Sin
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ce the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would be spontan
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eous ventilation. External respiration involves the exchange of oxyge
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n (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonar
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y capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and invol
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ves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 j i ji




2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
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a. Red blood cells and body cells ji ji ji ji ji




b. Scalenes and trapezius ji ji




muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary ji ji




capillaries
d. External oblique and ji ji




transverse abdominal muscles j i j i




ANS: C ji




External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon diox ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji




ide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal
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respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxyg ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji




en from the systemic blood into the cells.
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Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. E
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xternal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are accessory mus
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cles of expiration. ji ji

, DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 j i ji




3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during nor
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mal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the followin
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g?
a.
b.
c.
d.


ANS: B ji




During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops from
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about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -10 cm H2O at end-
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inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change fro ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji




m -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4 j i ji




4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA ) is about:
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.
a. - 1 cm H2O ji ji ji




b. +1cmH2O ji ji ji




c. 0 cm H2O ji ji




d. 5 cm H2O ji ji




ANS: A ji




-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during normal sp
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ontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a normal spontaneo ji ji ji ji ji ji j i ji




us breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 j i ji




5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as whi
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ch of the following?
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a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) ji ji ji




b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) ji ji




c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) ji ji