MA 400 Exam 1 Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2025-2026
What is respiration? - Answers the sequence of events that results in the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the body cells.
What is ventilation? - Answers the movement of air through the conducting passages between
the atmosphere and the lungs.
What is external respiration? - Answers the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
lungs and the blood in the surrounding capillaries.
What is internal respiration? - Answers the exchange of gases between the tissue cells and the
blood in the tissue capillaries.
What is contained in the upper respiratory tract? - Answers the nose, pharynx, and larynx.
What is contained in the lower respiratory tract? - Answers the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs.
What are the paranasal sinuses and what are they lined with? - Answers air-filled cavities in the
frontal, maxillae, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones, lined with mucous membrane that produces
mucus, which drains into the nasal cavity.
What does mucus do for us? - Answers reduces the weight of the skull, produces mucus, and
influences voice quality by acting as resonating chambers.
What propels the mucus down to the pharynx where it is swallowed? - Answers cilia that propel
the mucus with the trapped particles toward the pharynx, where it is swallowed.
What opens up into the nasopharynx? - Answers the portion of the pharynx that is posterior to
the nasal cavity and extends to the uvula.
The oropharynx receives what? - Answers the portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the oral
cavity.
What are the fauces? - Answers the opening between the oral cavity and oropharynx.
What is the larynx? - Answers the voice box, the passageway for air between the pharynx and
the trachea.
What does the epiglottis do? - Answers covers the opening into the larynx to prevent food and
water from entering the trachea during swallowing.
What forms the Adam's Apple? - Answers the thyroid cartilage forming a projection in the neck.
What two pairs of ligaments are housed in the larynx? - Answers the vestibular folds (false vocal
cords) and the vocal folds (true vocal cords).
What is the trachea also known as? - Answers a tube that extends from the larynx and into the
, mediastinum, where it divides into the right and left bronchi.
What are the walls of the trachea supported by? - Answers C-shaped cartilage rings.
Once the bronchi enter the lungs - Answers they form smaller passages which form the
bronchial tree. The branching continues until the pathway terminates into what?, clusters of tiny
air sacs called alveoli.
Describe the right lung. - Answers shorter, broader, and has a greater volume than the left lung.
Describe the left lung. - Answers longer and narrower than the right lung, with a cardiac notch.
What is the pleura? - Answers a double-layered serous membrane that encloses the lungs.
Define pulmonary ventilation. - Answers commonly referred to as breathing.
Where is the respiratory center located? - Answers in groups of neurons in the pons and medulla
oblongata of the brain stem.
What happens to breathing if carbon dioxide levels increase? - Answers the respiratory center is
stimulated to increase the rate and depth of breathing.
What happens to breathing if carbon dioxide levels decrease? - Answers the respiratory center
decreases the rate and depth of breathing.
What happens to breathing if body temperature increases? - Answers the breathing rate
increases.
What happens to breathing if body temperature decreases? - Answers the breathing rate
decreases.
What four changes to the respiratory system can happen with age? - Answers respiratory
muscles lose strength, lung tissue loses elasticity, vital capacity decreases, and protective
mechanisms become less efficient.
apnea - Answers absence of breathing
laryngoscopy - Answers visual examination of the larynx
capnometer - Answers instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
mucoid - Answers pertaining to mucus
dyspnea - Answers difficult breathing
nasal - Answers pertaining to the nose
hypercapnia - Answers condition of excessive carbon dioxide
What is respiration? - Answers the sequence of events that results in the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the body cells.
What is ventilation? - Answers the movement of air through the conducting passages between
the atmosphere and the lungs.
What is external respiration? - Answers the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
lungs and the blood in the surrounding capillaries.
What is internal respiration? - Answers the exchange of gases between the tissue cells and the
blood in the tissue capillaries.
What is contained in the upper respiratory tract? - Answers the nose, pharynx, and larynx.
What is contained in the lower respiratory tract? - Answers the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs.
What are the paranasal sinuses and what are they lined with? - Answers air-filled cavities in the
frontal, maxillae, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones, lined with mucous membrane that produces
mucus, which drains into the nasal cavity.
What does mucus do for us? - Answers reduces the weight of the skull, produces mucus, and
influences voice quality by acting as resonating chambers.
What propels the mucus down to the pharynx where it is swallowed? - Answers cilia that propel
the mucus with the trapped particles toward the pharynx, where it is swallowed.
What opens up into the nasopharynx? - Answers the portion of the pharynx that is posterior to
the nasal cavity and extends to the uvula.
The oropharynx receives what? - Answers the portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the oral
cavity.
What are the fauces? - Answers the opening between the oral cavity and oropharynx.
What is the larynx? - Answers the voice box, the passageway for air between the pharynx and
the trachea.
What does the epiglottis do? - Answers covers the opening into the larynx to prevent food and
water from entering the trachea during swallowing.
What forms the Adam's Apple? - Answers the thyroid cartilage forming a projection in the neck.
What two pairs of ligaments are housed in the larynx? - Answers the vestibular folds (false vocal
cords) and the vocal folds (true vocal cords).
What is the trachea also known as? - Answers a tube that extends from the larynx and into the
, mediastinum, where it divides into the right and left bronchi.
What are the walls of the trachea supported by? - Answers C-shaped cartilage rings.
Once the bronchi enter the lungs - Answers they form smaller passages which form the
bronchial tree. The branching continues until the pathway terminates into what?, clusters of tiny
air sacs called alveoli.
Describe the right lung. - Answers shorter, broader, and has a greater volume than the left lung.
Describe the left lung. - Answers longer and narrower than the right lung, with a cardiac notch.
What is the pleura? - Answers a double-layered serous membrane that encloses the lungs.
Define pulmonary ventilation. - Answers commonly referred to as breathing.
Where is the respiratory center located? - Answers in groups of neurons in the pons and medulla
oblongata of the brain stem.
What happens to breathing if carbon dioxide levels increase? - Answers the respiratory center is
stimulated to increase the rate and depth of breathing.
What happens to breathing if carbon dioxide levels decrease? - Answers the respiratory center
decreases the rate and depth of breathing.
What happens to breathing if body temperature increases? - Answers the breathing rate
increases.
What happens to breathing if body temperature decreases? - Answers the breathing rate
decreases.
What four changes to the respiratory system can happen with age? - Answers respiratory
muscles lose strength, lung tissue loses elasticity, vital capacity decreases, and protective
mechanisms become less efficient.
apnea - Answers absence of breathing
laryngoscopy - Answers visual examination of the larynx
capnometer - Answers instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
mucoid - Answers pertaining to mucus
dyspnea - Answers difficult breathing
nasal - Answers pertaining to the nose
hypercapnia - Answers condition of excessive carbon dioxide
