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Science of Happiness Final EXAM
Questions & Answers, Well Elaborated |
Already Verified Test |100% Verified
solutions | Latest!!
Martin Seligman - (ANSWER)- Founder of positive psychology and learned
optimism
- Said psychology is "half-baked"
- Reintroduces the study of human strengths and virtues to those of illness,
damaged and repair
Abraham Maslow - (ANSWER)- President of the American Psychological
Association in 1968
- Developed Humanistic Psychology
- Founder of self-help movement
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - (ANSWER)- Putting yourself last (self-actualization)
- Made this hierarchy by looking at 18 biographies (17 white people, 3 women) —
not empirical and diverse
Impact Factor - (ANSWER)Measure of the frequency with which the average
article in a journal has been cited in a particular year
, 2
Hierarchy of Study Methods for Clinical Decision-Making - (ANSWER)(Top to
bottom)
- Randomized controlled double blind studies
- Randomized controlled studies
- Cohort studies
- Case Reports
- Ideas, Editorials, Opinions
- Animal research
- In vitro (test tube) research
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) - (ANSWER)- Study in which people are
allocated at random (by chance alone) to receive on of several clinical
interventions
- One of these interventions is the standard of comparison or control
- Control may be standard practice, a placebo, or no intervention pill
Placebo - (ANSWER)Substance that has no therapeutic effect, used as a control in
testing new drugs
Nocebo - (ANSWER)Detrimental effect on health produced by negative
expectations
Confounder - (ANSWER)An "extra" variable that you didn't account for. They can
suggest there is correlation when in fact there isn't
, 3
Correlation - (ANSWER)A mutual relationship or connection between two or
more things
Causation - (ANSWER)One event is the result of another event
Harvard Men's Study of 1938 - (ANSWER)- Followed 268 Harvard Undergraduate
Men for 75 years
- Major findings: Intelligence mattered little, alcoholism was the single most
destructive force in their lives, #1 predictor of well-being had to do with the
quality of their relationships
- Example of Cohort study (studies one specific group of people)
- Problems: White, wealthy men (not diverse)
Case-Control Study - (ANSWER)Compares patients who have a disease or
outcome of interest (cases) with patients who do not have the disease or
outcome (controls), and looks back retrospectively to compare how frequently
the exposure to a risk factor is present in each group
Exemplar - (ANSWER)an example or model, especially an ideal one
Meta-analysis - (ANSWER)Research method that combines the results of several
related studies to produce better results
, 4
Hedonism - (ANSWER)- Pain and pleasure are the only motivators
- What people construe happiness to be
- Produces dopamine (pleasure neurotransmitter)
Hedonic Treadmill - (ANSWER)- Aka hedonic adaptation
- Observed tendency of humans to return to a stable level of happiness despite
positive or negative events or life changes
- People mistakenly pursue this in hopes for a permanent increase in happiness
Flourishing - (ANSWER)"Simultaneously the absence of the crippling elements of
the human experience - depression, anxiety, anger, fear - and the presence of
enabling ones - positive emotions, meaning, healthy relationships, environmental
mastery, engagement, and self-actualization." - Seligman 2011
- Equate to thriving and well-being
PERMA - (ANSWER)Five properties of well-being created by Martin Seligman:
- Positive emotions: feeling good
- Engagement: flow
- Relationships: authentically connected with others
- Meaning: connection to something larger than ourselves (purposeful existence)
- Accomplishment: sense of accomplishment and success
Science of Happiness Final EXAM
Questions & Answers, Well Elaborated |
Already Verified Test |100% Verified
solutions | Latest!!
Martin Seligman - (ANSWER)- Founder of positive psychology and learned
optimism
- Said psychology is "half-baked"
- Reintroduces the study of human strengths and virtues to those of illness,
damaged and repair
Abraham Maslow - (ANSWER)- President of the American Psychological
Association in 1968
- Developed Humanistic Psychology
- Founder of self-help movement
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - (ANSWER)- Putting yourself last (self-actualization)
- Made this hierarchy by looking at 18 biographies (17 white people, 3 women) —
not empirical and diverse
Impact Factor - (ANSWER)Measure of the frequency with which the average
article in a journal has been cited in a particular year
, 2
Hierarchy of Study Methods for Clinical Decision-Making - (ANSWER)(Top to
bottom)
- Randomized controlled double blind studies
- Randomized controlled studies
- Cohort studies
- Case Reports
- Ideas, Editorials, Opinions
- Animal research
- In vitro (test tube) research
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) - (ANSWER)- Study in which people are
allocated at random (by chance alone) to receive on of several clinical
interventions
- One of these interventions is the standard of comparison or control
- Control may be standard practice, a placebo, or no intervention pill
Placebo - (ANSWER)Substance that has no therapeutic effect, used as a control in
testing new drugs
Nocebo - (ANSWER)Detrimental effect on health produced by negative
expectations
Confounder - (ANSWER)An "extra" variable that you didn't account for. They can
suggest there is correlation when in fact there isn't
, 3
Correlation - (ANSWER)A mutual relationship or connection between two or
more things
Causation - (ANSWER)One event is the result of another event
Harvard Men's Study of 1938 - (ANSWER)- Followed 268 Harvard Undergraduate
Men for 75 years
- Major findings: Intelligence mattered little, alcoholism was the single most
destructive force in their lives, #1 predictor of well-being had to do with the
quality of their relationships
- Example of Cohort study (studies one specific group of people)
- Problems: White, wealthy men (not diverse)
Case-Control Study - (ANSWER)Compares patients who have a disease or
outcome of interest (cases) with patients who do not have the disease or
outcome (controls), and looks back retrospectively to compare how frequently
the exposure to a risk factor is present in each group
Exemplar - (ANSWER)an example or model, especially an ideal one
Meta-analysis - (ANSWER)Research method that combines the results of several
related studies to produce better results
, 4
Hedonism - (ANSWER)- Pain and pleasure are the only motivators
- What people construe happiness to be
- Produces dopamine (pleasure neurotransmitter)
Hedonic Treadmill - (ANSWER)- Aka hedonic adaptation
- Observed tendency of humans to return to a stable level of happiness despite
positive or negative events or life changes
- People mistakenly pursue this in hopes for a permanent increase in happiness
Flourishing - (ANSWER)"Simultaneously the absence of the crippling elements of
the human experience - depression, anxiety, anger, fear - and the presence of
enabling ones - positive emotions, meaning, healthy relationships, environmental
mastery, engagement, and self-actualization." - Seligman 2011
- Equate to thriving and well-being
PERMA - (ANSWER)Five properties of well-being created by Martin Seligman:
- Positive emotions: feeling good
- Engagement: flow
- Relationships: authentically connected with others
- Meaning: connection to something larger than ourselves (purposeful existence)
- Accomplishment: sense of accomplishment and success
