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Diagnosis of Bipolar and Depressive Disorders
Diagnosis
F32.81. Premenstrual depressive disorder (PDD)
Z60.8. Other problems related to the social environment
Justification of The Diagnosis
The DSM-5 indicates that an individual with PDD exhibits depressive symptoms a week
before the onset of menses and improves after the menses. The symptoms include feelings of
sadness, increased emotional sensitivity, irritability and anger, and feelings of hopelessness or low
mood with anxiety and tension during the last week before the onset (American Psychiatric
Association, 2022). Martina’s symptoms fit the PDD diagnosis criteria. Martina describes that she
experiences emotional symptoms, including irritability, sadness, and fatigue, at the onset of her
periods. Around this time, she becomes highly sensitive to rejection and often feels overwhelmed
or hopeless.
According to the American Psychiatric Association (2022), an individual experiences
depressive symptoms that cause clinically relevant distress and interfere with work or affect
relationships with others. This matches with Martin's case because she reports that she normally
functions well, fulfills her responsibilities, and maintains her work. However, during the
premenstrual period, she experiences emotional instabilities that affect her daily functioning. For
instance, she argued with a co-worker, which led to her losing her job. She recognizes how the
behavior was out of character, but she could not avoid it. She also expresses how these symptoms
have affected the relationship with her wife. She reports that her mood symptoms sometimes strain
Diagnosis of Bipolar and Depressive Disorders
Diagnosis
F32.81. Premenstrual depressive disorder (PDD)
Z60.8. Other problems related to the social environment
Justification of The Diagnosis
The DSM-5 indicates that an individual with PDD exhibits depressive symptoms a week
before the onset of menses and improves after the menses. The symptoms include feelings of
sadness, increased emotional sensitivity, irritability and anger, and feelings of hopelessness or low
mood with anxiety and tension during the last week before the onset (American Psychiatric
Association, 2022). Martina’s symptoms fit the PDD diagnosis criteria. Martina describes that she
experiences emotional symptoms, including irritability, sadness, and fatigue, at the onset of her
periods. Around this time, she becomes highly sensitive to rejection and often feels overwhelmed
or hopeless.
According to the American Psychiatric Association (2022), an individual experiences
depressive symptoms that cause clinically relevant distress and interfere with work or affect
relationships with others. This matches with Martin's case because she reports that she normally
functions well, fulfills her responsibilities, and maintains her work. However, during the
premenstrual period, she experiences emotional instabilities that affect her daily functioning. For
instance, she argued with a co-worker, which led to her losing her job. She recognizes how the
behavior was out of character, but she could not avoid it. She also expresses how these symptoms
have affected the relationship with her wife. She reports that her mood symptoms sometimes strain
