1|Page
Bio 151 Final Exam / Bio 151 Human Anatomy And
Physiology Final Exam Test Bank Complete 300
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers WITH
RATIONALES||VERIFIED EXAM!!|| |Already Graded
A+||NEWEST EXAM!!!
What does the term "glomerular filtration rate" (GFR) refer
to?
A) The rate at which urine is produced
B) The rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys
C) The rate at which glucose is absorbed in the renal
tubules
D) The rate at which water is reabsorbed into the
bloodstream - ANSWER-Answer: B) The rate at which
blood is filtered through the kidneys
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in the
reabsorption of sodium and water?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Distal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct - ANSWER-Answer: A) Proximal
convoluted tubule
,2|Page
Which of the following is a buffer system that helps
maintain blood pH in the kidneys?
A) Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer
B) Hemoglobin buffer system
C) Phosphate buffer system
D) Both A and C - ANSWER-Answer: D) Both A and C
The release of renin by the kidneys is primarily triggered
by:
A) High blood pressure
B) Low blood oxygen levels
C) Low blood sodium levels
D) Dehydration - ANSWER-Answer: C) Low blood sodium
levels
Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to
low oxygen levels to stimulate erythropoiesis?
A) Renin
B) Erythropoietin
C) Angiotensin II
D) Cortisol - ANSWER-Answer: B) Erythropoietin
,3|Page
In which part of the nephron does the majority of sodium
reabsorption occur?
A) Glomerulus
B) Loop of Henle
C) Proximal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct - ANSWER-Answer: C) Proximal
convoluted tubule
The countercurrent mechanism in the nephron loop is
important for:
A) Sodium and potassium secretion
B) Concentrating urine
C) Active transport of glucose
D) Filtration of large proteins - ANSWER-Answer: B)
Concentrating urine
Which of the following forces drives fluid into the
glomerular capsule during filtration?
A) Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)
B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)
C) Capsule hydrostatic pressure (CsHP)
D) Osmotic pressure from the blood - ANSWER-Answer:
A) Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)
, 4|Page
Which of the following is true about the relationship
between blood pressure and filtration?
A) Increased blood pressure increases glomerular filtration
rate
B) Decreased blood pressure increases glomerular
filtration rate
C) Blood pressure has no effect on glomerular filtration
rate
D) Increased blood pressure decreases glomerular
filtration rate - ANSWER-Answer: A) Increased blood
pressure increases glomerular filtration rate
Aldosterone primarily affects which part of the nephron?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle - ANSWER-Answer: B) Distal convoluted
tubule and collecting ducts
Which of the following is the major anion that plays a key
role in maintaining the osmotic balance in the kidney?
A) Bicarbonate
Bio 151 Final Exam / Bio 151 Human Anatomy And
Physiology Final Exam Test Bank Complete 300
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers WITH
RATIONALES||VERIFIED EXAM!!|| |Already Graded
A+||NEWEST EXAM!!!
What does the term "glomerular filtration rate" (GFR) refer
to?
A) The rate at which urine is produced
B) The rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys
C) The rate at which glucose is absorbed in the renal
tubules
D) The rate at which water is reabsorbed into the
bloodstream - ANSWER-Answer: B) The rate at which
blood is filtered through the kidneys
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in the
reabsorption of sodium and water?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Distal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct - ANSWER-Answer: A) Proximal
convoluted tubule
,2|Page
Which of the following is a buffer system that helps
maintain blood pH in the kidneys?
A) Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer
B) Hemoglobin buffer system
C) Phosphate buffer system
D) Both A and C - ANSWER-Answer: D) Both A and C
The release of renin by the kidneys is primarily triggered
by:
A) High blood pressure
B) Low blood oxygen levels
C) Low blood sodium levels
D) Dehydration - ANSWER-Answer: C) Low blood sodium
levels
Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to
low oxygen levels to stimulate erythropoiesis?
A) Renin
B) Erythropoietin
C) Angiotensin II
D) Cortisol - ANSWER-Answer: B) Erythropoietin
,3|Page
In which part of the nephron does the majority of sodium
reabsorption occur?
A) Glomerulus
B) Loop of Henle
C) Proximal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct - ANSWER-Answer: C) Proximal
convoluted tubule
The countercurrent mechanism in the nephron loop is
important for:
A) Sodium and potassium secretion
B) Concentrating urine
C) Active transport of glucose
D) Filtration of large proteins - ANSWER-Answer: B)
Concentrating urine
Which of the following forces drives fluid into the
glomerular capsule during filtration?
A) Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)
B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)
C) Capsule hydrostatic pressure (CsHP)
D) Osmotic pressure from the blood - ANSWER-Answer:
A) Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)
, 4|Page
Which of the following is true about the relationship
between blood pressure and filtration?
A) Increased blood pressure increases glomerular filtration
rate
B) Decreased blood pressure increases glomerular
filtration rate
C) Blood pressure has no effect on glomerular filtration
rate
D) Increased blood pressure decreases glomerular
filtration rate - ANSWER-Answer: A) Increased blood
pressure increases glomerular filtration rate
Aldosterone primarily affects which part of the nephron?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle - ANSWER-Answer: B) Distal convoluted
tubule and collecting ducts
Which of the following is the major anion that plays a key
role in maintaining the osmotic balance in the kidney?
A) Bicarbonate
