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BIO 340 Final Exam/ 491 Qs & Ans/ A+ Score Solution.
NEWEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES||
|ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST EXAM!!!
An individual is heterozygous at two, unlinked autosomal
local (A and B) if its genotype is Aa Bb, what gametes
does it produce? - ANSWER-AB, Ab, aB, ab
An individual is heterozygous at two, unlinked autosomal
local (A and B). What are its gamete ratios? - ANSWER-
1:1:1:1
An individual is heterozygous at two, LINKED autosomal
loci (E and F). What is its chromosomal arrangement? -
ANSWER-=E===F= and =e===f=
=E===f= and =e===F=
A double heterozygous has phase Ef/eF. What are its
parental chromosomes/gametes? - ANSWER-Ef and eF
A double heterozygote has phase Ef/eF. What are its
recombinant (non-parental) chromosomes/gametes? -
ANSWER-EF and ef
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If genes are linked then - ANSWER-less than 50% of
gametes are recombinant & more than 50% of gametes
are parental
Chiasmata - ANSWER-occurs during meiosis and are
locations where homologous, non sister chromatids
exchange genetic information
Crossing over - ANSWER-when a haploid cell contains
sequences from two different homologous chromosomes
Linkage Analysis tells us.. - ANSWER--test if two genes
are linked or independently assorting
-if genes are linked, we know that they are on the same
chromosome
-the strength of linkage tells us the genetic distance
between two genes
- distance information helps us draw a map of the genes
on each chromosome
Recombination Frequency - ANSWER-=number of
recombinants/ total number of offspring
,3|Page
Genes on the same chromosome have a maximum
recombination frequency of - ANSWER-50%
Genes on the same chromosomes have a minimum
recombination frequency of - ANSWER-0%
Genes on different chromosomes have a "recombination
frequency" of... - ANSWER-50%
What is genetic linkage measured in? - ANSWER-
centimorgans (cM)
How to measure the distance between widely spread
genes? - ANSWER-add up the distance between closer
genes in-between
Steps in making the recombination distance between two
genes (4 steps) - ANSWER-1. cross and individual that is
heterozygous for both genes with an individual that is
homozygous recessive (test cross)
2. classify the offspring according to phenotypes
3. determine which offspring are recombinants and which
are non-recombinants
, 4|Page
4. calculate the recombination frequency to estimate the
genetic distance between the genes
You are studying two linked genes that influence vine
height and fruit color in squash. Yellow color is dominant
over green, and tall height is dominant over short. You get
the following numbers of offspring from your test cross:
198 tall yellow, 192 short green, 54 tall green, and 56 short
yellow
which offspring are recombinants? - ANSWER-tall green
and short yellow
Which of the following evolutionary processes generally
increase genetic variation in a population - ANSWER-
mutation
Five fundamental forces of Evolution - ANSWER-1.
mutation
2. selection
3. genetic drift
4. migration
5. nonrandom mating
BIO 340 Final Exam/ 491 Qs & Ans/ A+ Score Solution.
NEWEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES||
|ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST EXAM!!!
An individual is heterozygous at two, unlinked autosomal
local (A and B) if its genotype is Aa Bb, what gametes
does it produce? - ANSWER-AB, Ab, aB, ab
An individual is heterozygous at two, unlinked autosomal
local (A and B). What are its gamete ratios? - ANSWER-
1:1:1:1
An individual is heterozygous at two, LINKED autosomal
loci (E and F). What is its chromosomal arrangement? -
ANSWER-=E===F= and =e===f=
=E===f= and =e===F=
A double heterozygous has phase Ef/eF. What are its
parental chromosomes/gametes? - ANSWER-Ef and eF
A double heterozygote has phase Ef/eF. What are its
recombinant (non-parental) chromosomes/gametes? -
ANSWER-EF and ef
,2|Page
If genes are linked then - ANSWER-less than 50% of
gametes are recombinant & more than 50% of gametes
are parental
Chiasmata - ANSWER-occurs during meiosis and are
locations where homologous, non sister chromatids
exchange genetic information
Crossing over - ANSWER-when a haploid cell contains
sequences from two different homologous chromosomes
Linkage Analysis tells us.. - ANSWER--test if two genes
are linked or independently assorting
-if genes are linked, we know that they are on the same
chromosome
-the strength of linkage tells us the genetic distance
between two genes
- distance information helps us draw a map of the genes
on each chromosome
Recombination Frequency - ANSWER-=number of
recombinants/ total number of offspring
,3|Page
Genes on the same chromosome have a maximum
recombination frequency of - ANSWER-50%
Genes on the same chromosomes have a minimum
recombination frequency of - ANSWER-0%
Genes on different chromosomes have a "recombination
frequency" of... - ANSWER-50%
What is genetic linkage measured in? - ANSWER-
centimorgans (cM)
How to measure the distance between widely spread
genes? - ANSWER-add up the distance between closer
genes in-between
Steps in making the recombination distance between two
genes (4 steps) - ANSWER-1. cross and individual that is
heterozygous for both genes with an individual that is
homozygous recessive (test cross)
2. classify the offspring according to phenotypes
3. determine which offspring are recombinants and which
are non-recombinants
, 4|Page
4. calculate the recombination frequency to estimate the
genetic distance between the genes
You are studying two linked genes that influence vine
height and fruit color in squash. Yellow color is dominant
over green, and tall height is dominant over short. You get
the following numbers of offspring from your test cross:
198 tall yellow, 192 short green, 54 tall green, and 56 short
yellow
which offspring are recombinants? - ANSWER-tall green
and short yellow
Which of the following evolutionary processes generally
increase genetic variation in a population - ANSWER-
mutation
Five fundamental forces of Evolution - ANSWER-1.
mutation
2. selection
3. genetic drift
4. migration
5. nonrandom mating
