1|Page
BIO 669 EXAM 1 AND STUDYGUIDE LATEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR VERIFIED|| ||NEWEST
UPDATE!!!||
A lowering of blood ph due to an increase in blood levels of keto
acids such as found in diabetic ketoacidosis would be an example
of - ANSWER-metabolic acidosis
Hypotonic hyponatremeia will have all the following effects
EXCEPT - ANSWER-increased blood pressure/volume
Ph can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of local
anesthetics because the ph will help determine how much of the
local anesthetic is in a charged or uncharged state - ANSWER-
true
A loss of proteins, such as albumin, from the plasma (as seen in
kidney and liver diseases) will result in - ANSWER-a shift of fluid
from the plasma to the interstitial fluid
,2|Page
Alkalosis has the effect of decreasing ionized ca++concentration
in the blood as it becomes bound to the plasma proteins more
frequently (due to less H+ binding of those) this will result in
clinical signs of - ANSWER-increased neuromuscular excitability
Movement of potassium down its electrochemical gradient will
result in what effect on membrane potential - ANSWER-
hyperpolarization
A stronger stimulus will result in a greater membrane
depolarizaton of a neuron resulting in - ANSWER-more frequent
action potentials
All of the following are true regarding graded potential except -
ANSWER-they all look alike( in amplitude)
A stroke affecting the temporal lobe is most likely to show signs
and symptoms affecting the - ANSWER-patients speech or
hearing
,3|Page
The frontal lobe is responsible for concious - ANSWER-control of
voluntary motor area and limbic system
The cerebellum is most responsible for - ANSWER-Control of fine
motor control and balance/posture
The beta-2 receptor, upon binding to its ligand, will result in which
of the following effects? - ANSWER-vascular smooth muscle
relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles
The peripheral nervous system division that arises from the
thoracic and lumbar region is the - ANSWER-sympathetic
Ephedra is a mimetic, meaning it has sympathetic nervous
system actiating effects. As such, it may be assumed to have all
of the followin gside effects except. - ANSWER-diarrhea and
abdominal cramping.
The ____ division of the autonomic nervous system helps
conserve energy and the body's resources (rest) and uses
, 4|Page
______ as its neurotransmitters - ANSWER-parasympathetic;
acetylcholine
Saltatory conduction - ANSWER-occurs only at the nodes of
ranvier
Graded potentials are all of the following except - ANSWER-
Impulses which travel without diminishing over distance
Calcium has an equilibrium potential of 123mv this means that
under normal resting potiential if Ca++ became more permeable
the membrane potential would - ANSWER-become more positive
until the inside of the cell became positive
The basal ganglia (cerebral nuclei) are most involved in -
ANSWER-inhibiting unwanted movement (coordinating
movement)
The parasympathetic nervous system is associated with which of
the following - ANSWER-ganglia that are lose to the target organ
BIO 669 EXAM 1 AND STUDYGUIDE LATEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR VERIFIED|| ||NEWEST
UPDATE!!!||
A lowering of blood ph due to an increase in blood levels of keto
acids such as found in diabetic ketoacidosis would be an example
of - ANSWER-metabolic acidosis
Hypotonic hyponatremeia will have all the following effects
EXCEPT - ANSWER-increased blood pressure/volume
Ph can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of local
anesthetics because the ph will help determine how much of the
local anesthetic is in a charged or uncharged state - ANSWER-
true
A loss of proteins, such as albumin, from the plasma (as seen in
kidney and liver diseases) will result in - ANSWER-a shift of fluid
from the plasma to the interstitial fluid
,2|Page
Alkalosis has the effect of decreasing ionized ca++concentration
in the blood as it becomes bound to the plasma proteins more
frequently (due to less H+ binding of those) this will result in
clinical signs of - ANSWER-increased neuromuscular excitability
Movement of potassium down its electrochemical gradient will
result in what effect on membrane potential - ANSWER-
hyperpolarization
A stronger stimulus will result in a greater membrane
depolarizaton of a neuron resulting in - ANSWER-more frequent
action potentials
All of the following are true regarding graded potential except -
ANSWER-they all look alike( in amplitude)
A stroke affecting the temporal lobe is most likely to show signs
and symptoms affecting the - ANSWER-patients speech or
hearing
,3|Page
The frontal lobe is responsible for concious - ANSWER-control of
voluntary motor area and limbic system
The cerebellum is most responsible for - ANSWER-Control of fine
motor control and balance/posture
The beta-2 receptor, upon binding to its ligand, will result in which
of the following effects? - ANSWER-vascular smooth muscle
relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles
The peripheral nervous system division that arises from the
thoracic and lumbar region is the - ANSWER-sympathetic
Ephedra is a mimetic, meaning it has sympathetic nervous
system actiating effects. As such, it may be assumed to have all
of the followin gside effects except. - ANSWER-diarrhea and
abdominal cramping.
The ____ division of the autonomic nervous system helps
conserve energy and the body's resources (rest) and uses
, 4|Page
______ as its neurotransmitters - ANSWER-parasympathetic;
acetylcholine
Saltatory conduction - ANSWER-occurs only at the nodes of
ranvier
Graded potentials are all of the following except - ANSWER-
Impulses which travel without diminishing over distance
Calcium has an equilibrium potential of 123mv this means that
under normal resting potiential if Ca++ became more permeable
the membrane potential would - ANSWER-become more positive
until the inside of the cell became positive
The basal ganglia (cerebral nuclei) are most involved in -
ANSWER-inhibiting unwanted movement (coordinating
movement)
The parasympathetic nervous system is associated with which of
the following - ANSWER-ganglia that are lose to the target organ
