1
COGSCI 115 MIDTERM EXAM WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
why apply neuroscience to the study of happiness?,1. control biases in research
based on self-reported ratings of happiness --> happiness is subjective
2. to discover underlying neural mechanisms of positive and negative mood
3. enhancing well-being
4. when your mind changes, your brain changes too
growth mindset,research by Blackwell & Dweck:
minority group who got special module showed dramatic improvement in study
skills
==> growth mindset most beneficial for low income but it's less likely for them to
have it but if they exhibit it, their academic performance will be high
thoughts sculpt the brain,- all mental activity creates new neural structures
- fleeting thoughts, feelings can leave lasting marks on your brain
- so repeatedly doing small things will lead to big changes
==> self-directed neuroplasticity
examples of rewiring your brain,1. driver cuts you off --> take a deep breath and
activate your parasympathetic nervous system
, 2
2. upsetting experience --> think of the feeling of being with someone who loves
you
think of the potential better final outcome it can have
correlation between happiness and social relationship,- factor that distinguishes
very happy from less happy people --> social relationships
- happiness in college students --> social support
- on Zimet's scale: 0.71
- students should receive and provide social support
how many pounds is the brain?,3 lbs
how many neurons does the brain have?,86 billion
how many synaptic connections does the average neuron make to other
neurons?,1000 - up to 200,000 in Purkinje cells
what percent of the body's oxygen and glucose is used by the brain?,20%
Levels of organization of nervous system,1. cell: individual neurons
2. tissue: nerves, ganglia
3. organ: brain and spinal cord
4. system: nervous system
, 3
soma,cell body that contains the nucleus
dendrite,branched extensions attached to the soma that receive info from
neurotransmitters released from terminal buttons of other neurons
axon,passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, glands
terminal button,the bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses with
another neuron; sends information to that neuron
neurotransmitter,a chemical that's released by a terminal button
- can be excitatory or inhibitory
myelin sheath,-A layer of fatty cells segmentally encasing the fibers of many
neurons
- made of glial cells (the support cells of the central nervous system)
-enables faster transmission of neural impulses bc. neural signal jumps from one
node of ranvier (naked portion of axon) to the next
-decreases the amount of energy needed for neural conduction
-prevents messages from spreading between adjacent neurons
COGSCI 115 MIDTERM EXAM WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
why apply neuroscience to the study of happiness?,1. control biases in research
based on self-reported ratings of happiness --> happiness is subjective
2. to discover underlying neural mechanisms of positive and negative mood
3. enhancing well-being
4. when your mind changes, your brain changes too
growth mindset,research by Blackwell & Dweck:
minority group who got special module showed dramatic improvement in study
skills
==> growth mindset most beneficial for low income but it's less likely for them to
have it but if they exhibit it, their academic performance will be high
thoughts sculpt the brain,- all mental activity creates new neural structures
- fleeting thoughts, feelings can leave lasting marks on your brain
- so repeatedly doing small things will lead to big changes
==> self-directed neuroplasticity
examples of rewiring your brain,1. driver cuts you off --> take a deep breath and
activate your parasympathetic nervous system
, 2
2. upsetting experience --> think of the feeling of being with someone who loves
you
think of the potential better final outcome it can have
correlation between happiness and social relationship,- factor that distinguishes
very happy from less happy people --> social relationships
- happiness in college students --> social support
- on Zimet's scale: 0.71
- students should receive and provide social support
how many pounds is the brain?,3 lbs
how many neurons does the brain have?,86 billion
how many synaptic connections does the average neuron make to other
neurons?,1000 - up to 200,000 in Purkinje cells
what percent of the body's oxygen and glucose is used by the brain?,20%
Levels of organization of nervous system,1. cell: individual neurons
2. tissue: nerves, ganglia
3. organ: brain and spinal cord
4. system: nervous system
, 3
soma,cell body that contains the nucleus
dendrite,branched extensions attached to the soma that receive info from
neurotransmitters released from terminal buttons of other neurons
axon,passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, glands
terminal button,the bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses with
another neuron; sends information to that neuron
neurotransmitter,a chemical that's released by a terminal button
- can be excitatory or inhibitory
myelin sheath,-A layer of fatty cells segmentally encasing the fibers of many
neurons
- made of glial cells (the support cells of the central nervous system)
-enables faster transmission of neural impulses bc. neural signal jumps from one
node of ranvier (naked portion of axon) to the next
-decreases the amount of energy needed for neural conduction
-prevents messages from spreading between adjacent neurons
