BMSC 4100 MIDTERM MC QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Which of the levels of protein structure below primarily concerns the interactions
among the R-groups of each amino acid?
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Quaternary - ANSWER-c. Tertiary
Proteins are:
a. uniformly neutral due to the cancelling of partial charges within each amino acid.
b. variably charged based on their primary structure.
c. uniformly negatively charged due to the nitrogen in each amino acid.
d. uniformly positively charged due to the carbonyl group in each amino acid. -
ANSWER-b. variably charged based on their primary structure.
Unlike eukaryotic genes, many bacterial genes are organized on operons, meaning:
a. several genes are under the control of the same regulatory proteins.
b. every gene has a dedicated promoter.
c. the mRNA synthesized from these genes does not need to exit the bacterial
nucleus to be processed.
d. several genes are under the control of a single promoter. - ANSWER-d. several
genes are under the control of a single promoter.
During the process of transcription, DNA is read by ___________, which assembles
___________ based on the DNA sequence.
a. DNA polymerase; mRNA
b. RNA polymerase; mRNA
c. Ribosomes; amino acids - ANSWER-b. RNA polymerase; mRNA
The processes of transcription and translation are identical in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
DNA molecules carry a net ___________ charge due to their ____________.
a. Positive; deoxyribose
b. Negative; phosphate groups
c. Negative; nucleic acid
d. Neutral; antiparallel structure - ANSWER-b. Negative; phosphate groups
During which process do bacterial cells create a copy of their DNA?
a. Replication
, b. Translation
c. Transcription
d. Duplication - ANSWER-a. Replication
Any alteration to the DNA sequence of an organism will result in a phenotypic
change.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Imagine an experiment where researchers attempt to determine the effect of various
household cleaners on viral survival. The researchers will expose a virus to each
cleaner and then measure the extent of viral survival. They will compare that to the
survival of virus that has not been exposed to cleaners. In this experiment, the
different types of cleaners used would be considered:
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Positive control
d. Negative control
e. Blank - ANSWER-a. Independent variable
Imagine an experiment where researchers attempt to determine the effect of various
household cleaners on viral survival. The researchers will expose a virus to each
cleaner and then measure the extent of viral survival. They will compare that to the
survival of virus that has not been exposed to cleaners. In this experiment, the virus
that has not been exposed to cleaners would be considered:
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Positive control
d. Negative control
e. Blank - ANSWER-d. Negative control
An experiment failure always means you should reject your hypothesis.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Suppose that the researchers conducting a viral survival experiment report that 2%
of the virus survived when exposed to Clorox and 0.01% of the virus survived when
exposed to Lysol. The researchers conclude that Lysol is more effective against this
virus than Clorox. In this situation, the rates of survival would be the __________
and the conclusion that Lysol was more effective would be the __________.
a. Data; hypothesis
b. Interpretation; observation
c. Observation; interpretation
d. Background information; conclusion - ANSWER-c. Observation; interpretation
AND ANSWERS
Which of the levels of protein structure below primarily concerns the interactions
among the R-groups of each amino acid?
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Quaternary - ANSWER-c. Tertiary
Proteins are:
a. uniformly neutral due to the cancelling of partial charges within each amino acid.
b. variably charged based on their primary structure.
c. uniformly negatively charged due to the nitrogen in each amino acid.
d. uniformly positively charged due to the carbonyl group in each amino acid. -
ANSWER-b. variably charged based on their primary structure.
Unlike eukaryotic genes, many bacterial genes are organized on operons, meaning:
a. several genes are under the control of the same regulatory proteins.
b. every gene has a dedicated promoter.
c. the mRNA synthesized from these genes does not need to exit the bacterial
nucleus to be processed.
d. several genes are under the control of a single promoter. - ANSWER-d. several
genes are under the control of a single promoter.
During the process of transcription, DNA is read by ___________, which assembles
___________ based on the DNA sequence.
a. DNA polymerase; mRNA
b. RNA polymerase; mRNA
c. Ribosomes; amino acids - ANSWER-b. RNA polymerase; mRNA
The processes of transcription and translation are identical in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
DNA molecules carry a net ___________ charge due to their ____________.
a. Positive; deoxyribose
b. Negative; phosphate groups
c. Negative; nucleic acid
d. Neutral; antiparallel structure - ANSWER-b. Negative; phosphate groups
During which process do bacterial cells create a copy of their DNA?
a. Replication
, b. Translation
c. Transcription
d. Duplication - ANSWER-a. Replication
Any alteration to the DNA sequence of an organism will result in a phenotypic
change.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Imagine an experiment where researchers attempt to determine the effect of various
household cleaners on viral survival. The researchers will expose a virus to each
cleaner and then measure the extent of viral survival. They will compare that to the
survival of virus that has not been exposed to cleaners. In this experiment, the
different types of cleaners used would be considered:
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Positive control
d. Negative control
e. Blank - ANSWER-a. Independent variable
Imagine an experiment where researchers attempt to determine the effect of various
household cleaners on viral survival. The researchers will expose a virus to each
cleaner and then measure the extent of viral survival. They will compare that to the
survival of virus that has not been exposed to cleaners. In this experiment, the virus
that has not been exposed to cleaners would be considered:
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Positive control
d. Negative control
e. Blank - ANSWER-d. Negative control
An experiment failure always means you should reject your hypothesis.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Suppose that the researchers conducting a viral survival experiment report that 2%
of the virus survived when exposed to Clorox and 0.01% of the virus survived when
exposed to Lysol. The researchers conclude that Lysol is more effective against this
virus than Clorox. In this situation, the rates of survival would be the __________
and the conclusion that Lysol was more effective would be the __________.
a. Data; hypothesis
b. Interpretation; observation
c. Observation; interpretation
d. Background information; conclusion - ANSWER-c. Observation; interpretation
