REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS & RATIONALES |
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Location of estrogen receptors - CORRECT ANSWERS-Vagina, vulva, urethra, trigone of the
bladder
Effects of estrogen on tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS-maintain blood flow, the collagen, and HA
within the epithelial surfaces. Supports microbiome and protects tissue from pathogens.
Vaginal changes with menopause - CORRECT ANSWERS-Thinning, loss of elasticity, loss or
absence or rugae.
Vagina and urethra in menopause - CORRECT ANSWERS-vagina narrows, urethra moves
closer to the introitus.
Black women have higher or lower FSH levels? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Higher
Chinese and Japanese women - CORRECT ANSWERS-These ethnic groups have lower estradiol
levels then white, black and hispanic women.
stage +2 - CORRECT ANSWERS-late menopause stage: 5-8 years after FMP. Somatic aging
predominates. Increased genitourinary symptoms.
Stages +1a, +1b, +1c - CORRECT ANSWERS-early post menopause: 2 years after FMP. FSH
rises, estradiol decreases. VMS predominate.
Elevated FSH, LH - CORRECT ANSWERS-Endocrine labs after menopause
, AMH, inhibin B - CORRECT ANSWERS-These hormones work during reproductive years to not
deplete follicle pool too quickly.
Phases during menopause transition and PMS symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS-Menstrual
cycle shortenes, follicular phase compresses, women spend more time in luteal phase.. meaning more
premenstrual symptoms and more frequent menstrual periods.
How to respond if a patient requests FSH lab? - CORRECT ANSWERS-many pitfalls, variable
depending on the day of the cycle you draw the lab, normal or low FSH is not helpful.
The potentially superior marker of menopause, a lab. - CORRECT ANSWERS-AMH
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Adrenal androgens: precursor
hromones produced by the adrenal gland that are enzymatically converted to active androgens or
estrogens in peripheral tissues.
Chinese and Japanese women have higher or lower estradiol levels compared to white, black and
hispanic women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-lower
Menopause transition-changes in SHBG and testosterone? ratio? - CORRECT ANSWERS-SHBG
decreases
Testosterone/SHBG ratio increases by 80%.
Testosterone/SHGB ratio is called what? - CORRECT ANSWERS-The free androgen index
What stage are VMS more likely? - CORRECT ANSWERS-+1b (generally last 2 years)
What hormone is generally higher in obese women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Estrone-via
aromatization.