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BIOD 151 Final Exam 2025/ 2026 From Portage
Learning|| LATEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||LATEST UPDATE!!!||
Explain which digestive system functions are carried out
by the large intestine. - ANSWER-Absorption: In the large
intestine water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and
vitamins are absorbed.
Defecation: Feces travel to the rectum where it is excreted
via the anus.
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location,
secretions and purposes. - ANSWER-The parietal cells
(located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very
acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with
food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in
the activation of pepsin.
Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pro-
enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach.
Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen
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(secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin
which begins the breakdown of proteins.
large intestine - ANSWER-Vitamin K
Stomach - ANSWER-Pepsinogen
small intestine - ANSWER-Secretin
What is the purpose of the hormone Leptin? - ANSWER-
Decrease hunger, increase satiety
Which of the following statements is false? - ANSWER-
The stomach is located along the right side of the
abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the
diaphragm)
True/False: Lipids can be divided into three categories:
saturated fat, unsaturated fat, and cholesterol. - ANSWER-
True
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True/False: Catabolism combines smaller molecules to
make larger molecules. - ANSWER-False (anabolism)
True/False: The nasopharynx is the most superior region
of the pharynx. - ANSWER-True
True/False: The pharynx has three types of skeletal
muscle: circumferential, longitudinal and oblique. -
ANSWER-False - it only has two, does not include an
oblique layer
True/False: The digestive work of salivary amylase is an
example of mechanical digestion. - ANSWER-False:
chemical digestion
Tendons connect which types of tissue? - ANSWER-
Connect muscle to bone
Acetylcholine is what type of substance? - ANSWER-
neurotransmitter
During a muscle contraction which protein myofilament
contains cross-bridges? - ANSWER-myosin
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What is the name of the thick myofilament? - ANSWER-
myosin
The return of calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
causes what to occur? - ANSWER-Muscle relaxation
(Muscle contraction stops)
Your patient sustained an injury to their facial nerve (CN
VII). Which actions would be impaired? - ANSWER-B.
Compress cheeks
C. Grin/grimace
Your patient is having difficulty when asked to bring his
chin to his chest. He is also having difficulty turning his
face from side to side.
What muscle is most likely impaired? - ANSWER-
Sternocleidomastoid
A person sustained a back injury to the muscle group
closest to the spine. What muscle group was injured? -
ANSWER-spinalis
BIOD 151 Final Exam 2025/ 2026 From Portage
Learning|| LATEST 2025/ 2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||LATEST UPDATE!!!||
Explain which digestive system functions are carried out
by the large intestine. - ANSWER-Absorption: In the large
intestine water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and
vitamins are absorbed.
Defecation: Feces travel to the rectum where it is excreted
via the anus.
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location,
secretions and purposes. - ANSWER-The parietal cells
(located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very
acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with
food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in
the activation of pepsin.
Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pro-
enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach.
Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen
,2|Page
(secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin
which begins the breakdown of proteins.
large intestine - ANSWER-Vitamin K
Stomach - ANSWER-Pepsinogen
small intestine - ANSWER-Secretin
What is the purpose of the hormone Leptin? - ANSWER-
Decrease hunger, increase satiety
Which of the following statements is false? - ANSWER-
The stomach is located along the right side of the
abdomen below the diaphragm.
(It is located along the left side of the abdomen below the
diaphragm)
True/False: Lipids can be divided into three categories:
saturated fat, unsaturated fat, and cholesterol. - ANSWER-
True
,3|Page
True/False: Catabolism combines smaller molecules to
make larger molecules. - ANSWER-False (anabolism)
True/False: The nasopharynx is the most superior region
of the pharynx. - ANSWER-True
True/False: The pharynx has three types of skeletal
muscle: circumferential, longitudinal and oblique. -
ANSWER-False - it only has two, does not include an
oblique layer
True/False: The digestive work of salivary amylase is an
example of mechanical digestion. - ANSWER-False:
chemical digestion
Tendons connect which types of tissue? - ANSWER-
Connect muscle to bone
Acetylcholine is what type of substance? - ANSWER-
neurotransmitter
During a muscle contraction which protein myofilament
contains cross-bridges? - ANSWER-myosin
, 4|Page
What is the name of the thick myofilament? - ANSWER-
myosin
The return of calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
causes what to occur? - ANSWER-Muscle relaxation
(Muscle contraction stops)
Your patient sustained an injury to their facial nerve (CN
VII). Which actions would be impaired? - ANSWER-B.
Compress cheeks
C. Grin/grimace
Your patient is having difficulty when asked to bring his
chin to his chest. He is also having difficulty turning his
face from side to side.
What muscle is most likely impaired? - ANSWER-
Sternocleidomastoid
A person sustained a back injury to the muscle group
closest to the spine. What muscle group was injured? -
ANSWER-spinalis
