Biol 320 Exam 2 Newest 2025/ 2026 Actual Exam
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What are the types of arteries and veins, from aorta to
vena cava? - ANSWER-elastic arteries, muscular arteries,
arterioles, capillaries, venues, small veins, large veins
Which layer of blood vessels contain muscle? - ANSWER-
tunica media
What system controls the tunica media? - ANSWER-
sympathetic nervous system
What is the tunica intima made of? - ANSWER-
endothelium
What is the tunica externa made of? - ANSWER-collagen
fibers
What does an elastic artery do? - ANSWER-takes out the
bounding pulse
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What does a muscular artery do? - ANSWER-
vasoconstriction limits flow to inactive tissues
How many capillaries are there per capillary bed? -
ANSWER-10-100
What tissues don't have capillaries? - ANSWER-cornea,
lens, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
What is a continuous capillary? - ANSWER-tight junctions;
in skin and muscle
What is a fenestrated capillary? - ANSWER-allows
movement of small molecules through them; intestines,
kidneys, endocrine glands
What are sinusoidal capillaries? - ANSWER-allows blood
cells through; liver, spleen, marrow
What is blood pressure? - ANSWER-force exerted on
vessel wall
What is Poiseuille's Law? - ANSWER-fluid flow is inversely
proportional to resistance
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What are three ways that venous blood is pumped back to
heart? - ANSWER-respiratory pump, muscular pump,
valves
How is mean arterial pressure maintained? - ANSWER-
vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Where are chemoreceptors located? - ANSWER-aorta and
carotid artery
What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? -
ANSWER-low oxygen, high carbon dioxide
When is the renin-angiotensin mechanism active? -
ANSWER-when BP is low
What does the renin-angiotensin mechanism do? -
ANSWER-causes resorption of Na+
What do beta blockers do? - ANSWER-dilate blood
vessles