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Pathophysiology
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5350 Exam 3 Questions With Correct Answers
/ // // // // // //
What //is //a //cough?
Protective //reflex //that //helps //clear //the //airways //by //an //explosive //expiration.
Acute //cough: //2-3 //weeks
Chronic //cough: //longer //than //3 //weeks.
Causes: //Post //nasal //drip, //GERD, //medications //(ACE).
Hypoventilation //vs. //Hyperventilation?
Hypo: //Alveolar //ventilation //is //INADEQUATE: //leads //to //RESPIRATORY //ACIDOSIS.
Hyper: /
/Alveolar //ventilation //EXCEEDS //metabolic //demands: //Leads //to //RESPIRATORY //ALKALOSIS.
,What //is //clubbing?
A //painless //enlargement //of //the //terminal //phalanges //of //the //fingers //and //toes //that //develops
//over //time //due //to //chronic //hypoxia //(COPD, //CF, //Pulmonary //fibrosis, //CHD).
What //is //Hypoxemia //vs. //Hypoxia?
Hypoxemia //is //low //arterial //blood //oxygen //content.
Hypoxia //is //inadequate //oxygen //level //in //the //tissues/cells.
What //is //pneomothorax?
Presence //of //air //or //gas //in //pleural //space.
Open //vs //tension //pneumothorax?
Open: //Air //pressure //in //pleural //space //equals //barometric //pressure //.
,Tension: /
/Site //of //pleural //rupture //acts //as //one //way //valve //permitting //air //to //enter //on //inspiration //but
//prevents //its //escape //by //closing //during //expiration. //
What //is //pleural //effusion?
Accumulation //of //fluid //in //the //pleural //space.
Empyema: //Pus
What //is //Empyema?
Pus //in //the //pleural //space.
Treatment: //Antimicrobial //medications //and //DRAINAGE //of //pleural //space //with //chest //tube.
What //is //bronchiectasis?
Persistent /
/abnormal /
, /dilation /
/of /
/the /
/bronchi /
/by /
/DESTRUCTION /
/OF /
/THE /
/ELASTIC /
/OR //MUSCULAR //COMPONENTS //OF //THE //BRONCHIAL //WALL //OR //LUMEN //OBSTRUCTION.
What //is //Bronchitis?
Inflammation //of //the //bronchial //tubes //- //usually //caused //by //viruses. //
What //is //bronchiolitis?
Diffuse /
/inflammation /
/of /
/smallest /
/airways /
/or //bronchioles //(which //are //located //on //the //most //distal //end //of //bronchi //before //the //alveoli.
Pathophysiology
/ /
NURS
/ /
5350 Exam 3 Questions With Correct Answers
/ // // // // // //
What //is //a //cough?
Protective //reflex //that //helps //clear //the //airways //by //an //explosive //expiration.
Acute //cough: //2-3 //weeks
Chronic //cough: //longer //than //3 //weeks.
Causes: //Post //nasal //drip, //GERD, //medications //(ACE).
Hypoventilation //vs. //Hyperventilation?
Hypo: //Alveolar //ventilation //is //INADEQUATE: //leads //to //RESPIRATORY //ACIDOSIS.
Hyper: /
/Alveolar //ventilation //EXCEEDS //metabolic //demands: //Leads //to //RESPIRATORY //ALKALOSIS.
,What //is //clubbing?
A //painless //enlargement //of //the //terminal //phalanges //of //the //fingers //and //toes //that //develops
//over //time //due //to //chronic //hypoxia //(COPD, //CF, //Pulmonary //fibrosis, //CHD).
What //is //Hypoxemia //vs. //Hypoxia?
Hypoxemia //is //low //arterial //blood //oxygen //content.
Hypoxia //is //inadequate //oxygen //level //in //the //tissues/cells.
What //is //pneomothorax?
Presence //of //air //or //gas //in //pleural //space.
Open //vs //tension //pneumothorax?
Open: //Air //pressure //in //pleural //space //equals //barometric //pressure //.
,Tension: /
/Site //of //pleural //rupture //acts //as //one //way //valve //permitting //air //to //enter //on //inspiration //but
//prevents //its //escape //by //closing //during //expiration. //
What //is //pleural //effusion?
Accumulation //of //fluid //in //the //pleural //space.
Empyema: //Pus
What //is //Empyema?
Pus //in //the //pleural //space.
Treatment: //Antimicrobial //medications //and //DRAINAGE //of //pleural //space //with //chest //tube.
What //is //bronchiectasis?
Persistent /
/abnormal /
, /dilation /
/of /
/the /
/bronchi /
/by /
/DESTRUCTION /
/OF /
/THE /
/ELASTIC /
/OR //MUSCULAR //COMPONENTS //OF //THE //BRONCHIAL //WALL //OR //LUMEN //OBSTRUCTION.
What //is //Bronchitis?
Inflammation //of //the //bronchial //tubes //- //usually //caused //by //viruses. //
What //is //bronchiolitis?
Diffuse /
/inflammation /
/of /
/smallest /
/airways /
/or //bronchioles //(which //are //located //on //the //most //distal //end //of //bronchi //before //the //alveoli.
