NSG 3105 Week 5: GI and GU Questions With Complete
Solutions
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Correct Answer Sudden onset,
cause is often tubular necrosis. Potential to be reversible, 60%
mortality, COD often infection
Acute reduction in urine output, increase in serum, creatinine, or
both
Ambulatory and home care management of acute abdominal
pain Correct Answer necessary modifications in activity, diet,
medication. Encourage small, frequent high-cal meals
Assessing nausea and vomiting (different colours) Correct
Answer Assess nausea or vomiting, how much in each emesis,
green (bile),
bright red blood present (tear in esophageal area from force),
significant dark blood w clots,
Coffee ground appearance = stomach blood due to mix with
acid.
fever/chills,
contact w others that are sick,
recent eating.
Care planning for bowel obstruction Correct Answer Pain
control
Relief of obstruction - return to normal bowel function
Normal fluid and electrolyte status
Adequate nutrition
,Catheterization for PD Correct Answer Catheter inserted
through the abdominal wall, connected to sterile tubing, secured
to abdomen. Catheter is irrigated with heparinized dialysate to
clear blood and fibrin from it.
Causes of diverticulitis/osis Correct Answer Fibre
insufficiency: Slows passage of stool with narrowed lumen of
sigmoid colon causes high intraluminal pressure
causes of nonmechanical bowel obstruction Correct Answer
neuromuscular, vascular disorder, paralytic ileus (most
common), inflammatory responses, elyte abnormalities, thoracic
or lumbar spinal trauma
Causes of peritonitis Correct Answer Caused by traumas,
organ rupture containing chemical irritants or bacteria (ulcer
perforation, ectopic pregnancy)
CKD Correct Answer Gradual onset over years, diabetic
nephropathy most common cuase, GFR <60 mL/min/1.73m^2
for more than 3 months, kidney damage for more than 3 months
5 stages depending on severity from GFR
Clinical manifestation of diverticulosis Correct Answer
Mostly asymptomatic
Cramping in left lower quadrant relieve with flatus or BM
Alternating constipation and diarrhea
Acute diverticulitis - Fever, n & v, anorexia, elevated WBC
Clinical manifestations in each system for CKD Correct
Answer Hematological system - retained substances
, Anemia - decreased erythropoeitin
Bleeding tendencies - defect in platelet function, impaired
aggregation
Infection - changes in leukocyte function = increased risk
Cardiovascular system: HTN, HF, CAD, pericarditis, peripheral
artery disease
Respiratory system: pulmonary edema, uremic pleuritis,
pneumonia
Gastrointestinal system: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, GI bleed,
gastritis
Neurological system: fatigue, headache, disturbed sleep,
encephalopathy
Musculo-skeletal system: vascular, soft tissue calcifications,
osteomalacia, osteitis fibrosa
Fluid and electrolyte disorder
Metabolic disturbances: carbohydrate intolerance,
hyperlipidemia
Clinical manifestations of AKI Correct Answer Urinary
output changes
Fluid volume excess
Metabolic acidosis
Sodium balance
Potassium excess
Hematological disorders
Calcium deficit and phosphate excess
Waste product accumulation
Neurological disorders
Clinical manifestations of appendicitis Correct Answer
Periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting. Pain is perisstent and
Solutions
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Correct Answer Sudden onset,
cause is often tubular necrosis. Potential to be reversible, 60%
mortality, COD often infection
Acute reduction in urine output, increase in serum, creatinine, or
both
Ambulatory and home care management of acute abdominal
pain Correct Answer necessary modifications in activity, diet,
medication. Encourage small, frequent high-cal meals
Assessing nausea and vomiting (different colours) Correct
Answer Assess nausea or vomiting, how much in each emesis,
green (bile),
bright red blood present (tear in esophageal area from force),
significant dark blood w clots,
Coffee ground appearance = stomach blood due to mix with
acid.
fever/chills,
contact w others that are sick,
recent eating.
Care planning for bowel obstruction Correct Answer Pain
control
Relief of obstruction - return to normal bowel function
Normal fluid and electrolyte status
Adequate nutrition
,Catheterization for PD Correct Answer Catheter inserted
through the abdominal wall, connected to sterile tubing, secured
to abdomen. Catheter is irrigated with heparinized dialysate to
clear blood and fibrin from it.
Causes of diverticulitis/osis Correct Answer Fibre
insufficiency: Slows passage of stool with narrowed lumen of
sigmoid colon causes high intraluminal pressure
causes of nonmechanical bowel obstruction Correct Answer
neuromuscular, vascular disorder, paralytic ileus (most
common), inflammatory responses, elyte abnormalities, thoracic
or lumbar spinal trauma
Causes of peritonitis Correct Answer Caused by traumas,
organ rupture containing chemical irritants or bacteria (ulcer
perforation, ectopic pregnancy)
CKD Correct Answer Gradual onset over years, diabetic
nephropathy most common cuase, GFR <60 mL/min/1.73m^2
for more than 3 months, kidney damage for more than 3 months
5 stages depending on severity from GFR
Clinical manifestation of diverticulosis Correct Answer
Mostly asymptomatic
Cramping in left lower quadrant relieve with flatus or BM
Alternating constipation and diarrhea
Acute diverticulitis - Fever, n & v, anorexia, elevated WBC
Clinical manifestations in each system for CKD Correct
Answer Hematological system - retained substances
, Anemia - decreased erythropoeitin
Bleeding tendencies - defect in platelet function, impaired
aggregation
Infection - changes in leukocyte function = increased risk
Cardiovascular system: HTN, HF, CAD, pericarditis, peripheral
artery disease
Respiratory system: pulmonary edema, uremic pleuritis,
pneumonia
Gastrointestinal system: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, GI bleed,
gastritis
Neurological system: fatigue, headache, disturbed sleep,
encephalopathy
Musculo-skeletal system: vascular, soft tissue calcifications,
osteomalacia, osteitis fibrosa
Fluid and electrolyte disorder
Metabolic disturbances: carbohydrate intolerance,
hyperlipidemia
Clinical manifestations of AKI Correct Answer Urinary
output changes
Fluid volume excess
Metabolic acidosis
Sodium balance
Potassium excess
Hematological disorders
Calcium deficit and phosphate excess
Waste product accumulation
Neurological disorders
Clinical manifestations of appendicitis Correct Answer
Periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting. Pain is perisstent and
