MS QUIZ 2 – FLUID,ELECTROLYTE AND ACID – BASE BALANCE EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ 2025 – 2026

MS QUIZ 2 FLUID, ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE BALANCE
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1. Approximately how much of the human body is com- 50 to 60%
posed of water?

2. tendency to maintain relatively constant conditions as homeostasis
in fluid compartments; all organs + structures of body
are involved in maintenance of homeostasis; involves
delivery of essential elements (oxygen, glucose) to
cells + removal of wastes such as carbon dioxide from
cells

3. fluid within a cell; most of body's fluids found within intracellular fluid
the cell

4. · Extracellular fluids are found in blood vessels in intravascular, interstitial
form of plasma or serum (called _______ fluid); in fluid
surrounding cells including lymph (_______ fluid); + in
digestive secretions, sweat, cerebrospinal fluid

5. fluid outside the cell; mainly responsible for transport extracellular fluid
of nutrients + wastes throughout body

6. total body fluids of men 40 (intracellular), 20 (ex-
tracellular), 60 (total body
fluids)

7. total body fluids of women 36 (intracellular), 18 (ex-
tracellular), 54 (total body
fluids)

8. total body fluids for infant 40 (intracellular), 35 (ex-
tracellular), 75 (total body
fluids)




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9. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for Sodium 130 - 145 (extracellular),
(Na+) 14 (intracellular)

10. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for potassi- 3.5-5.1 (extracellular), 140
um (K+) (intracellular)

11. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for chloride 98-107 (extracellular), 4-6
(Cl-) (intracellular)

12. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for bicarbon- 24 (extracellular), 12 (in-
ate (HCO3-) tracellular)

13. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for calcium 5 (extracellular), 1-8 (in-
(Ca2+) tracellular)

14. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for magne- 1.5-2.5 (extracellular),
sium (Mg2+) 6-30 (intracellular)

15. extracellular + intracellular fluid (mEq/L) for phos- 2 (extracellular). 40-95
phate (HPO4-) (intracellular)

16. makes up largest portion of body weight; % of body water
weight that is water is affected by age, sex, amount of
body fat; % of body water decreases w/ age

17. females have _______ percentage of body water than lower, fat, water
men bc women have more ___ cells than men + fat cells
contain less ____ than o/ cells

18. obese people have lower % of ____ ____ bc of increased body water
# of fat cells

19. substance that develops electrical charge when dis- electrolyte
solved in water; when dissolved in water, break up



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into small particles called ions which either have + or
- charge

20. Examples of electrolytes sodium, potassium, calci-
um, chloride, bicarbonate,
magnesium

21. positive electrical charge; ex. sodium (Na+), potassium cations
(K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+)

22. negative charge; ex. chloride (Cl-), bicarbonate anions
(HCO3-), phosphate (HPO4-)

23. ______ maintain a balance between positive + nega- electrolytes, homeostasis
tive charges; for every positively charged cation, a
negatively charged anion can be found; in every flu-
id compartment of body, cations + anions combine
to balance one another; process keeps body cells in
_______

24. · concentration of electrolyte in solution or body fluid milliequivalents per liter
compartment is measured in _____ _____ ____ (mEq/L);
milliequivalents indicate chemical activity or combin-
ing power of ions

25. _______ is used as standard for comparing chemical hydrogen
activities of electrolytes; one milliequivalent of an elec-
trolyte has same chemical combining power as 1 mEq
of hydrogen

26. most abundant electrolyte; primary electrolyte in ex- sodium (Na+)
tracellular fluid; plays major role in regulation of body




, MS QUIZ 2 FLUID, ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE BALANCE
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fluid volumes, muscular activity, nerve impulse con-
duction, + acid base balance

27. water goes where sodium is; person whose sodium high
level is too ____ will retain water; can promote elimina-
tion of excess water by giving diuretic that promotes
excretion of sodium

28. found mainly in intracellular fluid + is major intra- potassium (K+)
cellular cation; bc it is so abundant within the cell,
plays important role in maintaining fluid osmolarity
+ volume within cell; essential for normal membrane
excitability, critical factor in transmission of nerve im-
pulses

29. needed for protein synthesis, synthesis + breakdown potassium (K+)
of glycogen, + to maintain plasma acid base balance

30. extracellular anion that is usually bound w/ other ions, chloride (Cl-)
especially sodium or potassium; major functions are
to regulate osmotic pressure between fluid compart-
ments + assist in regulating acid base balance

31. combined w phosphorus to form mineral salts of calcium (ca+)
bones + teeth; of total calcium in body, 99% is concen-
trated in bones + teeth + 1% is in extracellular fluid;
calcium is ingested through diet + absorbed through
intestine; ca + phosphorous have reciprocal relation-
ship; if one falls, other rises, if one rises, other falls

32. promotes transmission of nerve impulses + helps to calcium, regulation
regulate normal muscle contraction + relaxation; con-
stant _______ of Ca levels take place in body, if serum