LATEST ONS CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
EXAM||QUESTIONS AND WELL
DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100%CORRECT)||GRADED A+|||LATEST
EXAM UPDATE!!!
3 major phases of cell division: -CORRECTANSWER Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: -CORRECTANSWER First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
4 phases of mitosis: -CORRECTANSWER Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: -CORRECTANSWER Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, macrophages)
Adaptive immunity: -CORRECTANSWER Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful.
Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses)
Define mutations -CORRECTANSWER Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: -CORRECTANSWER Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy -CORRECTANSWER Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
, Define adjuvant therapy -CORRECTANSWER Additional cancer treatment given after
the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy -CORRECTANSWER Treatments used to
prepare a patient for stem cell transplantation
2 types of conditioning therapies: -CORRECTANSWER Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density -CORRECTANSWER Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity -CORRECTANSWER Amount of drug delivered over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? -CORRECTANSWER By comparing the
dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? -CORRECTANSWER By causing a break in the DNA
helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER 1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER Nitrogen
mustards
Common alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents: -CORRECTANSWER Cisplatin (Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? -CORRECTANSWER Able to cross the
blood-brain barrier; can be effective in treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents: -CORRECTANSWER Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of: -CORRECTANSWER Carboplatin
These agents are typically categorized as highly emetogenic: -CORRECTANSWER 1.
Alkylating agents
2. Nitrosoureas
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
EXAM||QUESTIONS AND WELL
DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100%CORRECT)||GRADED A+|||LATEST
EXAM UPDATE!!!
3 major phases of cell division: -CORRECTANSWER Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: -CORRECTANSWER First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
4 phases of mitosis: -CORRECTANSWER Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: -CORRECTANSWER Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, macrophages)
Adaptive immunity: -CORRECTANSWER Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful.
Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses)
Define mutations -CORRECTANSWER Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: -CORRECTANSWER Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy -CORRECTANSWER Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
, Define adjuvant therapy -CORRECTANSWER Additional cancer treatment given after
the primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy -CORRECTANSWER Treatments used to
prepare a patient for stem cell transplantation
2 types of conditioning therapies: -CORRECTANSWER Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density -CORRECTANSWER Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity -CORRECTANSWER Amount of drug delivered over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? -CORRECTANSWER By comparing the
dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? -CORRECTANSWER By causing a break in the DNA
helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER 1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER Nitrogen
mustards
Common alkylating agents: -CORRECTANSWER Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents: -CORRECTANSWER Cisplatin (Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? -CORRECTANSWER Able to cross the
blood-brain barrier; can be effective in treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents: -CORRECTANSWER Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of: -CORRECTANSWER Carboplatin
These agents are typically categorized as highly emetogenic: -CORRECTANSWER 1.
Alkylating agents
2. Nitrosoureas
