Exam 1: NR341 / NR 341 (Latest
Update ) Complex Adult
Health | Questions and Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
Question:
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Answer:
Adverse Effects: Induces and maintains sedation before and/or during
surgery.
Anxiolytic properties.
Nursing Interventions: ↓ BP, ↓ HR, sinus arrest, transient ↑ BP during
administration of loading dose.
,Question:
Dissociative Anesthetic: ketamine (Ketalar)
Answer:
Given IV or IM.
Potent analgesic and amnesic.
Used for patients with hypotension from hemorrhage, hypovolemia, sepsis, or
severe cardiovascular compromise.
Useful in people with asthma to prevent bronchospasm.
May cause hallucinations and nightmares (midazolam decreases these
effects), ↑ heart rate, ↑ BP.
Anticipate use of a benzodiazepine if agitation and hallucinations occur.
Calm, quiet environment is essential in postoperative care.
Question:
should the chest tubing become disconnected
Answer:
the end of the tubing should be placed in sterile water/saline to restore the
water seal.
,Question:
Pneumothorax
Answer:
is a collection of air trapped within the pleural space.
Risk Factors
smoking
tall, thin body in an otherwise healthy person
family history of spontaneous pneumothorax
severe chronic lung disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
[COPD])
pregnancy
lung infection or pneumonia
connective tissue disease
mechanical ventilation
previous history of a pneumothorax
Causes
Can occur due to a laceration or puncture of the lung during medical
procedures (for example, transthoracic needle aspiration, subclavian catheter
insertion, or pleural biopsy). Trauma resulting in rib fractures, penetrating
wounds, or blunt trauma can result in a pneumothorax. Underlying lung
disease can increase the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Small tubes, 12F to 24F, are used to remove air
, Question:
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Answer:
is caused by the rupture of small air-filled sacs (blebs) on the lung surface.
The air becomes trapped within the pleural cavity. Since air tends to rise, the
location of absent breath sounds may not correspond to the area of injury.
Risk factors include:
smoking
a tall and thin frame
male gender
personal or family history of spontaneous pneumothorax
Question:
Latrogenic pneumothorax
Answer:
During a medical procedure when the lung is either lacerated or punctured.
A puncture can happen during a transthoracic (through the chest wall) needle
aspiration or subclavian catheter insertion (the top of the lungs is close to the
subclavian veins). Mechanical ventilation, particularly when high pressures
are required, can result in barotrauma (baro meaning pressure) that ruptures
alveoli, resulting in pneumothorax.
Update ) Complex Adult
Health | Questions and Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
Question:
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Answer:
Adverse Effects: Induces and maintains sedation before and/or during
surgery.
Anxiolytic properties.
Nursing Interventions: ↓ BP, ↓ HR, sinus arrest, transient ↑ BP during
administration of loading dose.
,Question:
Dissociative Anesthetic: ketamine (Ketalar)
Answer:
Given IV or IM.
Potent analgesic and amnesic.
Used for patients with hypotension from hemorrhage, hypovolemia, sepsis, or
severe cardiovascular compromise.
Useful in people with asthma to prevent bronchospasm.
May cause hallucinations and nightmares (midazolam decreases these
effects), ↑ heart rate, ↑ BP.
Anticipate use of a benzodiazepine if agitation and hallucinations occur.
Calm, quiet environment is essential in postoperative care.
Question:
should the chest tubing become disconnected
Answer:
the end of the tubing should be placed in sterile water/saline to restore the
water seal.
,Question:
Pneumothorax
Answer:
is a collection of air trapped within the pleural space.
Risk Factors
smoking
tall, thin body in an otherwise healthy person
family history of spontaneous pneumothorax
severe chronic lung disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
[COPD])
pregnancy
lung infection or pneumonia
connective tissue disease
mechanical ventilation
previous history of a pneumothorax
Causes
Can occur due to a laceration or puncture of the lung during medical
procedures (for example, transthoracic needle aspiration, subclavian catheter
insertion, or pleural biopsy). Trauma resulting in rib fractures, penetrating
wounds, or blunt trauma can result in a pneumothorax. Underlying lung
disease can increase the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Small tubes, 12F to 24F, are used to remove air
, Question:
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Answer:
is caused by the rupture of small air-filled sacs (blebs) on the lung surface.
The air becomes trapped within the pleural cavity. Since air tends to rise, the
location of absent breath sounds may not correspond to the area of injury.
Risk factors include:
smoking
a tall and thin frame
male gender
personal or family history of spontaneous pneumothorax
Question:
Latrogenic pneumothorax
Answer:
During a medical procedure when the lung is either lacerated or punctured.
A puncture can happen during a transthoracic (through the chest wall) needle
aspiration or subclavian catheter insertion (the top of the lungs is close to the
subclavian veins). Mechanical ventilation, particularly when high pressures
are required, can result in barotrauma (baro meaning pressure) that ruptures
alveoli, resulting in pneumothorax.
